Consumer Rights Wiki - User contributions [en]

File:Place holder hinge problem example image .jpg

2025-01-28T08:18:38Z

ADRdaniel:

place holder hinge problem example image

Lenovo X1 Carbon

2025-01-28T08:17:07Z

ADRdaniel: /* thinkpad x1 carbon sub series */work-in-progress laptop hinge problems need it's own page

{{Incomplete}}

This article outlines the various anti-consumer measures used in the Lenovo X1 Carbon series of laptops. Some concepts may overlap with [[Lenovo]]'s general practices, a Chinese-American multinational technology company.

===Hardware-vendor lockout (BIOS whitelist)===
Most models of the Lenovo X1 Carbon will fail to post if the user changes their WWAN broadband card to a WWAN card that is not on the Lenovo Vendor Whitelist<ref name=":1">[https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/ThinkPad_mobile_Internet "ThinkPad mobile Internet"] - wiki.archlinux.org</ref>. If a user intends to use a WWAN card manufactured by another company, which are typically cheaper than the Lenovo factory-installed WWAN cards, the computer will not boot until the user removes the card. Evasion of these whitelists has been outlined in the ArchLinux wiki<ref name=":1" />, but success is very limited.

The intent behind this vendor-lockout is ambiguous, and not well-documented officially by Lenovo.

====Resulting cost for the consumer====

Lenovo currently charges $298 USD to install a Quectel RM520N-GL 5G Sub6 from the factory<ref name=":0" />.
[[File:Lenovo store screenshot.png|thumb|right| Pricing options for WWAN card (Lenovo X1 Carbon gen2) <ref name=":0"> [[:File:Lenovo store screenshot.png|Screenshot or pricing options for WWAN card of Lenovo Laptop]]</ref>]]

Some used options of similar modems can, at the time of writing, be purchased for $150 USD<ref>[https://www.ebay.com/itm/296886818084 "Quectel RM520N-GL"] - ebay.com - 17 Jan 2025 - Archived Page: https://archive.is/IkmZV</ref>. 4G modems can be purchased for even less<ref>[https://www.ebay.com/itm/196914042141 "NEW Dell V8KN6 Sierra Wireless AirPrime EM7455 DW5811e LTE 4G WWAN Card"] - ebay.com - 17 Jan 2025 - Archived Page: https://archive.is/uSubr</ref>.

==Hardware==

===thinkpad x1 carbon sub series===

==== huge hinge problems ====
it's not a Think pad quality product it has the Hinge problem and other systemic durribly issues unlike all other thinkpad branded business laptops. soruce: salem techsperts, ifixit

==== Hinge problem - Lenovo ThinkPad X380 Yoga ====
https://download.lenovo.com/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/x380yoga_hmm_en.pdf see page 94 - Removal steps of the LCD hinges

https://laptopmedia.com/highlights/inside-lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-10th-gen-disassembly-and-upgrade-options/

==== Guled lid and LCD durribitly on 10th gen thinkpad x1 laptops : ====
https://www.ifixit.com/Answers/View/772580/How+to+replace+the+LCD+screen+without+replacing+the+whole+lid

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Product lines]]

Lenovo X1 Carbon

2025-01-28T08:12:08Z

ADRdaniel: added

{{Incomplete}}

This article outlines the various anti-consumer measures used in the Lenovo X1 Carbon series of laptops. Some concepts may overlap with [[Lenovo]]'s general practices, a Chinese-American multinational technology company.

===Hardware-vendor lockout (BIOS whitelist)===
Most models of the Lenovo X1 Carbon will fail to post if the user changes their WWAN broadband card to a WWAN card that is not on the Lenovo Vendor Whitelist<ref name=":1">[https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/ThinkPad_mobile_Internet "ThinkPad mobile Internet"] - wiki.archlinux.org</ref>. If a user intends to use a WWAN card manufactured by another company, which are typically cheaper than the Lenovo factory-installed WWAN cards, the computer will not boot until the user removes the card. Evasion of these whitelists has been outlined in the ArchLinux wiki<ref name=":1" />, but success is very limited.

The intent behind this vendor-lockout is ambiguous, and not well-documented officially by Lenovo.

====Resulting cost for the consumer====

Lenovo currently charges $298 USD to install a Quectel RM520N-GL 5G Sub6 from the factory<ref name=":0" />.
[[File:Lenovo store screenshot.png|thumb|right| Pricing options for WWAN card (Lenovo X1 Carbon gen2) <ref name=":0"> [[:File:Lenovo store screenshot.png|Screenshot or pricing options for WWAN card of Lenovo Laptop]]</ref>]]

Some used options of similar modems can, at the time of writing, be purchased for $150 USD<ref>[https://www.ebay.com/itm/296886818084 "Quectel RM520N-GL"] - ebay.com - 17 Jan 2025 - Archived Page: https://archive.is/IkmZV</ref>. 4G modems can be purchased for even less<ref>[https://www.ebay.com/itm/196914042141 "NEW Dell V8KN6 Sierra Wireless AirPrime EM7455 DW5811e LTE 4G WWAN Card"] - ebay.com - 17 Jan 2025 - Archived Page: https://archive.is/uSubr</ref>.

== Hardware ==

=== thinkpad x1 carbon sub series ===
it's not a Think pad quality product it has the Hinge problem and other systemic durribly issues unlike all other thinkpad branded business laptops. soruce: salem techsperts, ifixit

https://laptopmedia.com/highlights/inside-lenovo-thinkpad-x1-carbon-10th-gen-disassembly-and-upgrade-options/

Guled lid and LCD durribitly on 10th gen thinkpad x1 laptops :

https://www.ifixit.com/Answers/View/772580/How+to+replace+the+LCD+screen+without+replacing+the+whole+lid

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Product lines]]

Planned obsolescence

2025-01-28T08:03:34Z

ADRdaniel: /* How planned obsolescence impacts consumer rights */ yeet

{{StubNotice}}
Planned obsolescence is a business strategy where a product is designed in such a way that it will inevitably fail or become obsolete and require replacement with a non-obsolete product. Planned obsolescence directly harms the consumer by reducing product lifetime and by generating unnecessary waste.

==How planned obsolescence impacts consumer rights==
Planned obsolescence is undeniably harmful to consumers as it directly harms product functionality, in addition this obsolescence inevitably generates waste.

===Excessive waste===
Planned obsolescence is implemented with the intent that the consumer will replace their dysfunctional product with a functioning one; companies would like the dysfunctional product to disappear into the void but obsolete products usually end up being discarded if they cannot be recycled.

===Obfuscation of true product value===
It is difficult for a consumer to predict how planned obsolescence will damage their purchase overtime which will make them unable to come to accurate conclusions on whether a purchase is worth the price.

=== Digital obsolescence ===
see [[Discontinuation bricking]]

===Dependence on third-party repairs===
Some consumers may be interested in maintaining their device by replacing obsolete components with newer ones, consumers will inevitably look to third-parties for repair which may open the user to [[security]] and [[safety]] risks. Companies make this difficult by putting [[DRM]] into their products to prevent unauthorized component replacement thus which worsens the waste problem<ref>Insert reference to company doing this</ref>.

==Examples==

*[[IPhone planned obsolescence incidencies|IPhone planned obsolescence incidences]] - These definitely exist someone has to write an article.

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Anti-Consumer_Practices]]
[[Category:Common terms]]
[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]
[[Category:Articles requiring expansion]]

Discontinuation bricking

2025-01-28T08:02:22Z

ADRdaniel: /* Examples */ big contribs all day every day yeet

{{StubNotice}}

'''Discontinuation bricking''' occurs when a product is "bricked" — no longer functional — because the producer has discontinued it. Discontinuation bricking almost exclusively occurs in products that require a connection to a remote server hosted by the producer. The product may become bricked if the company decides to shut down services or if the company goes out of business entirely, which is a significant harm to consumer rights.

== Bricking- vs proper EOL ==
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+
!x
![[EOL]]
!ideal EOL
!Soft BRICK
!'''Discontinuation bricking'''
!
|-
|hardware boots
|
|yes
|yes
|sometimes
|
|-
|basic functionality
|
|yes
|sometimes
|no
|
|-
|software updates
|
|sometimes
|no
|no
|
|}

==Warning signs of discontinuation bricking==
Discontinuation bricking is usually an unintended consequence of a remote service shutting down that the product depends on for complete functionality. The risk of discontinuation bricking occurring can be detected beforehand by observing warning signs, such as:

#'''Product requires an internet connection to a remote server:''' if a product requires connection to a remote server for functionality, there is a risk that the company may shut down the server and brick some function, if not all functions of the product. These connections may be necessary because:
##'''Product requires remote authorization:''' product only works if you can receive authorization from an authorization server. If the authorization server shuts down, login will become impossible. An unusual example being the Spotify Car Thing which stopped functioning after Spotify unauthorized the Car Thing from interacting with the Spotify App API.
##'''Product has features dependent on remote sources:''' product may brick if it is unable to access remote information because of server outages.
#'''Product depends on a phone application to work:''' updates to the app may remove support for the discontinued product. An example being the [[Spotify Car Thing]] which stopped functioning after Spotify unauthorized the Car Thing from interacting with the Spotify App API.<ref>[https://www.motortrend.com/news/spotify-car-thing-music-streaming-device-discontinued/ "Spotify's Oddball In-Car Music Device Is Getting Bricked. Turns Out There's an App For That."] - motortrend.com - accessed 2025-01-25</ref>
#'''Product requires physical input on a regular basis:''' as an example, [[HP Inc.]] printer ink has a [[Digital rights management|DRM]] that forces consumers to exclusively use HP ink, and does not allow third-party cartridges. If HP goes out of business or decides to stop producing their ink cartridges, any printer depending upon it will become bricked, '''effectively discontinuing the printer''' even if not explicitly stated.

==How discontinuation bricking impacts consumer rights==
Discontinuation bricking is similar to [[planned obsolescence]] in which it harms the consumer and the environment by making a product they paid for stop functioning, which not only is anti-consumer but also contributes to E-waste.

===How discontinuation bricking contributes to E-waste===
Discontinuation bricking will inevitably generate waste given that the product is no longer functional, and consumers will be forced to discard the product.

===Loss of ownership===
Discontinuation bricking and the possibility that a product may brick itself in the future due to discontinuation, directly harms the ability for a consumer to own their product, as a consumer does not truly own their product if the product is at risk of being bricked and no longer functional.

===Dependence on third-party bypasses===
After a product has been bricked, a consumer may wish to repair their product and return it back to a functioning state. De-bricking a product is not impossible but can be difficult depending on the severity of the problem. Consumers will inevitably look to third-parties for methods to bypass the bricking which may open the user to [[security]] and [[safety]] risks. Bypasses may end up being expensive, with more complicated server-dependent products needing potentially complicated server infrastructure.

===Resale falsification===
Products are often resold on the internet, and may be put on sale before a discontinuation bricking occurs with valid information but become invalidated afterwards causing [[false advertising]]. This has many implications:

#Sellers may be completely unaware of the discontinuation bricking and will continue selling their product, hurting seller reputation once the product becomes bricked and no longer functions afterwards.
#Buyers may be completely unaware of the discontinuation bricking and will buy the product, only to have it not function and harming the buyer.
#Customers may learn about the discontinuation and decide to sell the product without providing adequate details, even without any malicious intent.

===Methods to avoid discontinuation bricking===

#'''Avoid internet and smart products:''' if the product has to connect to an external server to work, the product is vulnerable to being bricked.
#'''Use [[Open source|open source/schematic]] products:''' open source/schematic products are inherently resistant to discontinuation bricking as the consumer is typically given everything they need to resolve outages themselves.
#'''Buy products that contractually guarantee source/schematic release on discontinuation:''' if a company decides to include a legally binding agreement to provide source and schematics, this is usually a good sign that they are willing to accept blame for discontinuation bricking and take action to alleviate it.

== Examples ==
[[Spotify Car Thing]]

[[Sonos|sons]] smart speaker

[[Nest Revolv Hub]]<ref>https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/04/nest-reminds-customers-ownership-isnt-what-it-used-be</ref><ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/revolv-is-dead-google-killed-it-long-live-innovation/</ref>

[https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/11/8/16623076/logitech-harmony-link-discontinued-bricked Logitech Harmony Link hub]<ref>https://support.logi.com/hc/en-us#!?return_to=%2Fhc%2Fen-us%23!%2Fs%2Fquestion%2F0D55A0000745EkC%2Fharmony-link-eos-or-eol</ref>

[[Astro Amazons security robot,|Astro Amazons security robot.]]<ref>https://www.inc.com/amazon-bricking-its-astro-for-business-robots.html</ref> <ref>https://press.aboutamazon.com/2023/11/introducing-astro-for-business-a-customizable-security-solution-bringing-peace-of-mind-to-owners-of-small-and-medium-sized-businesses</ref> November 15, 2023 - '''JUL 5, 2024'''

From Wikipedia : [[wikipedia:Orphaned_technology|Orphaned technology]]

"Some examples of orphaned technology include:

* Apple Lisa - 16/32-bit graphical computer
* Apple Newton PDA (Apple Newton) - tablet computer
* Apple Classic Mac OS - m68k and PowerPC operating system
* Coleco ADAM - 8-bit home computer
* DEC Alpha - 64-bit microprocessor
* Finale (scorewriter) music notation software developed by MakeMusic from 1988 until 2024
* HyperCard - hypermedia
* ICAD (KBE) - knowledge-based engineering
* Javelin Software - modeling and data analysis
* LISP machines - LISP oriented computers
* Mattel Aquarius
* Microsoft Bob - graphical helper
* Mosaic notation program - music notation application by Mark of the Unicorn
* Open Music System - Gibson
* OpenDoc - compound documents (Mac OS, OS/2)
* Poly-1 - parallel networked computer designed in New Zealand for use in education and training
* Prograph - visual programming system
* TI 99/4A - 16-bit home computer
* Windows 9x - x86 operating system"

== Also see ==

* '''[[Planned obsolescence]]'''
* '''[[Software degradation and lock-out]]'''
* [[End of life product|EOL - end-of-life product]]
*

==References==
[[Category:Anti-Consumer_Practices]]
[[Category:Common terms]]
[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]
[[Category:Articles under development]]
<references />

End of life product

2025-01-28T08:01:56Z

ADRdaniel: added page

ADD redirect from/to EOL

NZXT

2025-01-28T07:28:49Z

ADRdaniel:

{{StubNotice}}

'''[[wikipedia:NZXT|NZXT, Inc.]]''' is an American computer-hardware manufacturer founded in 2004 and based in Los Angeles, California. The company manufactures computer cases, components, and accessories for the PC-gaming market.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZXT</ref> Products are designed in Los Angeles and manufactured in Shenzhen.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170523124157/http://www.gamersnexus.net/guides/2450-nzxt-factory-tour-in-china-how-cases-are-made</ref>

==Controversies==

=== See: [[NZXT Flex|NZXT FLEX]] ===
NZXT's Gaming PC rental program called Flex: [[Gamers Nexus Investigates NZXT's "Flex" Computer Rental Program]], followed by [[NZXT's Response To Gamers Nexus' Investigation]]

=== Hardware Warranty coverage issues ===
Serval reports of excessively difficult or denied Warranty coverage issues on their 6-year Kraken aio coolers. One user reports being instructed to live stream<ref>https://linustechtips.com/topic/1120097-nzxt-warranty-is-a-bit-of-a-pain-in-the-ass-kraken-x62/</ref> their warranty issue in their RMA process <ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/NZXT/comments/lde8z6/nzxt_customer_support_is_refusing_to_honor/</ref><ref>https://forums.pcgamer.com/threads/nzxt-controversy-discussion.146859/</ref><ref>https://linustechtips.com/topic/1120097-nzxt-warranty-is-a-bit-of-a-pain-in-the-ass-kraken-x62/</ref><ref>https://support.nzxt.com/hc/en-us/articles/360023082054-NZXT-Gaming-PCs-Warranty-Claim-and-RMA-FAQ</ref>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Computer enclosure companies]]
[[Category:Computer power supply unit manufacturers]]
[[Category:Computer hardware companies]]
[[Category:Computer systems companies]]

NZXT Flex

2025-01-28T06:56:13Z

ADRdaniel: There is so much wrong with this entire situation; 10,000 words would only be used to brushing the surface.

{{StubNotice}}
{{InfoboxProductLine
| Title = NZXT Flex
| Release Year = 2024
| Product Type = Rental Service
| In Production = Yes
| Official Website = https://nzxt.com/collection/flex
| Logo = Nzxt.svg
}}
'''NZXT Flex''' is a rental service launched in 2024 by [[NZXT]] in partnership with [[Fragile]] (a Software company that provides "layered financing" and services on top of hardware subscriptions,<ref>https://tracxn.com/d/companies/fragile/__IHcXfD8Mcy-IkjmKTBsCtGr0PzSjZve_Y147UR110MA</ref><ref name=":0">https://fragile.co/legal/subscription-agreement</ref>) for its prebuilt, gaming-focused desktop computers.<ref name=":1">https://nzxt.com/news/flex</ref> Customers can choose to rent a pre-built gaming computer from three monthly plans, based on their performance needs and budget, with three main tiers that each also offer a "Prime" upgrade option that includes higher spec components for an additional monthly upcharge. NZXT guarantees PC upgrades every two years and full warranty support. <ref>https://nzxt.com/flex/flex-two</ref>
[[File:Nzxt flex store page.png|alt=Nzxt flex store page|center|frame|[https://nzxt.com/flex/flex-two Nzxt flex store page] ]]

== Predatory Terms of Service<ref name=":0" /> ==

=== vague and excessive fees ===

** reference shipping policy<ref>https://nzxt.com/legal/nzxt-shipping-policy</ref>
** definitions of "damages to the rented hardware"
** "If Operator is unable to collect funds owed to Operator from Subscriber, the Operator shall be entitled to charge Subscriber five-percent (5%) of the outstanding balance owed, or $20.00, whichever is greater, every thirty (30) days, until Subscriber has paid the entire balance owed. Operator may, at Operator’s sole discretion, waive these fees, provided Subscriber promptly returns all Rental Devices received as part of this Subscription." <ref name=":0" />
** " If Subscriber initiates a payment reversal or chargeback of any kind on a charge that was validly made under this Agreement, Subscriber will be assessed a fifty-dollar ($50.00) reversal fee, irrespective of any determination made by a bank, credit card issuer, or payment processor on the validity of the charge. If the payment is reversed, and refunded to the Subscriber, the Subscriber shall continue to be liable under this Agreement for payment to Operator for such amount." <ref name=":0" />
**
* no ownership when you exceed rented items value
** unclear semi annual upgrade guarantee
* difficulty of canceling rental service.

== Predatory Pricing ==
NZXT FLEX rental cost was calculated by investigative journalist and youtube creator Steve Bruke of Gamers Nexus compared to competitors and illegal predatory payday loans. these numbers where based of a credit apr of 22% over a 2 year period and compared against a hypothetical, 103% apr, illegal payday loan.
[[File:Gamers nexus nzxt price comparison chart .png|alt=NZXT FLEX rental cost based on APR compared to competitors and illegal predatory payday loans|center|thumb|800x800px|NZXT FLEX rental cost based on APR compared to competitors and illegal predatory payday loans ]]
The first month of the rental service is "on us", which implies it's of no cost, however many fees including an undefined "Setup fee"<ref name=":0" /> as well as any applicable One-time fees <ref name=":0" /> will apply.

== Use of false and predatory advertising. ==
https://www.pcgamer.com/hardware/gaming-pcs/i-want-to-acknowledge-that-we-messed-up-nzxt-addresses-concerns-about-its-controversial-flex-gaming-pc-rental-program-and-commits-to-taking-action/

===== NZXT dispite stating in their ''December 4, 2024 [https://nzxt.com/news/nzxt-update-addressing-your-concerns-about-the-flex-subscription-program press release]'' =====

* We are extending the dispute charges window from 60 days to 2 years and will comply with any regulations that provide longer dispute windows." "<ref>https://nzxt.com/news/nzxt-update-addressing-your-concerns-about-the-flex-subscription-program</ref>

===== their agreement still states as of January 28th 2025, =====
more than 55 days after the [https://nzxt.com/news/nzxt-update-addressing-your-concerns-about-the-flex-subscription-program press release] was last updated

" If Subscriber accrues an unpaid balance for more than sixty (60) calendar days, Operator may use all legal methods and remedies available to collect such unpaid balance including, but not limited to, civil litigation and selling such balance to third-party collection companies. Subscriber shall be liable for any and all collection costs incurred by Operator, Operator’s affiliates, or third parties involved in the collection of Subscriber’s unpaid balance, including attorneys fees, filing costs, and collection agency fees. Subscriber will, on the first of each month, be assessed an eight-percent (8%) monthly interest rate on any remaining unpaid balance and unpaid fees or interest assessed. "

Therefore, makes their 2 year window statement '''<u>clearly false and misleading.</u>'''

=== inconsistent and misleading product specifications <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pomC1CfpC0</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAANNGvMANM</ref> ===

==== Inconsistencies between bought and rental PC's ====
NZXT has an option to either buy a prebuilt gaming PC, or rent one (Flex). NZXT listed the estimated FPS in various games as the same between the bought and rented PC's, despite swapping out hardware. For example, a bought "Player: Three Prime" model would come with an RTX 4090, while the rental version only comes with a 4080 SUPER.<ref>https://beefsuplex.com/news/gamers-nexus-calls-out-nzxt/</ref><ref>https://www.theverge.com/2024/12/1/24310181/nzxt-pc-rental-program-gamers-nexus-investigation</ref><ref>https://www.gamespot.com/articles/new-video-claims-nzxt-pc-rental-program-is-a-scam-company-says-its-looking-into-it/1100-6528179/</ref> These two GPUs have vastly different performance, with the 4090 having an average of +25% over the 4080 SUPER.<ref>https://hardwaretimes.com/nvidia-rtx-4080-vs-4080-super-vs-4090/</ref>

== Changing the terms of the sale ==
[[File:Nzxt changes it's advertisng language.png|alt=Nzxt changes it's advertisng language|center|thumb|800x800px|Nzxt changes it's advertising language]]
NZXT publicly stated many policy, website & marketing changes in response to the controversy and community backlash. <ref>https://nzxt.com/</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>https://nzxt.com/news/nzxt-update-addressing-your-concerns-about-the-flex-subscription-program</ref>

Additionally the Terms of Service was changed immediately following

=== Day-to-day switching of specifications and pricing ===
https://www.theverge.com/2024/12/1/24310181/nzxt-pc-rental-program-gamers-nexus-investigation

{{Clear}}
===Basic Specifications and Pricing===
As of January 14, 2025, the core component selection and pricing for each tier of the service for customers in the US was as follows:

<div style="display: flex;justify-content: space-around;">

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="7" |NZXT Flex
|-
|
!One
!One "Prime"
!Two
!Two "Prime"
!Three
!Three "Prime"
|-
!'''CPU'''
|Intel Core i5-12400F
|Intel Core i5-13400F
|AMD Ryzen 5 5600X
|AMD Ryzen 7 7700X
|Intel Core i7-13700KF
|Intel Core i9-14900KF
|-
!'''GPU'''
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Ti SUPER
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 Ti
|NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER
|-
!'''RAM'''
|16GB (2 x 8GB) DDR4 3200 MHz
|16GB (2 x 8GB) DDR5 5200 MHz
|16GB (2 x 8GB) DDR4 3200 MHz
|32GB (2 x 16GB) DDR5 5200 MHz
|32GB (2 x 16GB) DDR5 5600 MHz
|64GB (2 x 32GB) DDR5 6000MHz
|-
!'''Storage'''
|500GB NVMe M.2 SSD
|1TB NVMe M.2 SSD
|1TB NVMe M.2 SSD
|1TB NVMe M.2 SSD
|1TB NVMe M.2 SSD
|2TB NVMe M.2 SSD
|-
!'''Total (USD / Month)'''
|$59/mo
|$89/mo
|$129/mo
|$159/mo
|$179/mo
|$259/mo
|}
</div>

==Follow-up by NZXT==
https://www.pcgamer.com/hardware/gaming-pcs/i-want-to-acknowledge-that-we-messed-up-nzxt-addresses-concerns-about-its-controversial-flex-gaming-pc-rental-program-and-commits-to-taking-action/

https://nzxt.com/news/nzxt-update-addressing-your-concerns-about-the-flex-subscription-program

==References==
<references />

File:NZXT Flex store page.png

2025-01-28T06:35:44Z

ADRdaniel:

Nzxt flex store page

File:Gamers nexus nzxt price comparison chart .png

2025-01-28T06:14:41Z

ADRdaniel:

Gamers Nexus NZXT price comparison chart GN cc: @GamersNexus

File:NZXT changes its advertising language.png

2025-01-28T06:05:57Z

ADRdaniel:

Nzxt changes it's advertising language and halts youtube sponsor ships

FUTO

2025-01-28T06:00:34Z

ADRdaniel:

{{StubNotice}}{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = FUTO
| Type = Private
| Founded = 2021
| Industry = Technology
| Official Website = https://www.futo.org/
| Logo = Futo header logo.svg
}}
[https://futo.org/ FUTO] , founded in 2021 by [[Eron Wolf]] ( a software developer, and noteworthy investor in [[What's app]] {{Citation needed}}), is an organization that develops applications and sponsors [[FOSS]] ([[wikipedia:Free_and_open-source_software|free and open source]]) software projects as well as other independent software projects that align with their principles.<ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref><ref>https://futo.org/grants/</ref> FUTO has enabled the development of notable apps, such as [[Immich]], FUTO Keyboard, and [[GrayJay]].

Eron Wolf Hired [[Louis Rossmann - Video Directory|Louis Rossman]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Rossmann</ref> in 2021 as Director of Community Outreach.<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/in/louis-rossmann-3a5396292</ref>

[https://keyboard.futo.org/ FUTO Keyboard] is a keyboard app for [[Android]]-based operating systems which offers many modern typing features like localized voice input, swipe typing, and autocorrect, while respecting the purchaser's rights.

FUTO has been criticized for using their own definition of the term "open source"<ref>https://danb.me/blog/futo-open-source-definition/</ref> and claiming their applications are "open source", when their license does not meet the [https://opensource.org/osd OSI's definition of the term]. FUTO has since changed their wording.<ref>https://www.futo.org/about/futo-statement-on-opensource/</ref>

==Organization's objectives & principles==

===Three pledges===

*FUTO's first pledge is to "never sell out. All FUTO companies and FUTO-funded projects are expected to remain fiercely independent." <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>
*FUTO's second pledge is to never abuse it's customers.
*FUTO's third pledge is to all be devoted to transparency and to making High Quality Open-source software.

===Ethical Capitalism===
FUTO while a legally a C-Corporation for profit company<ref>https://futo.org/about/futo-faq/</ref> but as of 2025, according to Louis Rossmann, Director of Community Outreach at FUTO{{Citation needed}} is in no way profitable to it's sole owner & investor [[Eron Wolf]], and their stated financial goal is to operate fiercely independently and "never sell out."

===The Five Pillars of FUTO-ey Software===
" 1. Source First /Open Source If people are to have control over the computers in their lives, they must have the capability to inspect and modify the software running on them.

2. Self Manageable Servers (if applicable) Servers should be Source First too. It should be relatively easy for a user to run their own server for whatever service their client software needs.

3. Sovereign Identity (if applicable) Servers must allow the user to authenticate with a private/public key pair. Email and phone number authentication is sensible for normies, but it must always be possible for a user to transition to using a sovereign mechanism.

4. Open Databases (if applicable) Crowdsourced content should never be kept hidden in a silo by the crowdsourcer. The creator of the content most likely intended for their work to be distributed as widely as possible. The crowdsourcer must provide reasonable mechanisms for the content to be distributed by others.

5. End-to-end Encryption (if possible) Servers should never be able to leverage their man in the middle status to discern the content of communications between their users.

0. Don’t Suck This applies to all software, FUTO-ey or not. We have accomplished nothing if our software is sluggish, unreliable, or lacks key features. Our clients need to be delightful. Our servers need to help our clients be delightful. " <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Organizations]]

FUTO

2025-01-28T05:48:58Z

ADRdaniel: :)

{{StubNotice}}{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = FUTO
| Type = Private
| Founded = 2021
| Industry = Technology
| Official Website = https://www.futo.org/
| Logo = Futo header logo.svg
}}
[https://futo.org/ FUTO] , founded in 2021 by [[Eron Wolf]] ( a software developer, and noteworthy investor in [[What's app]] {{Citation needed}}), is an organization that develops applications and sponsors [[FOSS]] ([[wikipedia:Free_and_open-source_software|free and open source]]) software projects as well as other independent software projects that align with their principles.<ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref><ref>https://futo.org/grants/</ref> FUTO has enabled the development of notable apps, such as [[Immich]], FUTO Keyboard, and [[GrayJay]].

Eron Wolf Hired [[Louis Rossmann - Video Directory|Louis Rossman]] in 2021 as Director of Community Outreach.

[https://keyboard.futo.org/ FUTO Keyboard] is a keyboard app for [[Android]]-based operating systems which offers many modern typing features like localized voice input, swipe typing, and autocorrect, while respecting the purchaser's rights.

FUTO has been criticized for using their own definition of the term "open source"<ref>https://danb.me/blog/futo-open-source-definition/</ref> and claiming their applications are "open source", when their license does not meet the [https://opensource.org/osd OSI's definition of the term]. FUTO has since changed their wording.<ref>https://www.futo.org/about/futo-statement-on-opensource/</ref>

==Organization's objectives & principles==

===Three pledges===

*FUTO's first pledge is to "never sell out. All FUTO companies and FUTO-funded projects are expected to remain fiercely independent." <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>
*FUTO's second pledge is to never abuse it's customers.
*FUTO's third pledge is to all be devoted to transparency and to making High Quality Open-source software.

===Ethical Capitalism===
FUTO while a legally a C-Corporation for profit company<ref>https://futo.org/about/futo-faq/</ref> but as of 2025, according to Louis Rossmann, Director of Community Outreach at FUTO{{Citation needed}} is in no way profitable to it's sole owner & investor [[Eron Wolf]], and their stated financial goal is to operate fiercely independently and "never sell out."

===The Five Pillars of FUTO-ey Software===
" 1. Source First /Open Source If people are to have control over the computers in their lives, they must have the capability to inspect and modify the software running on them.

2. Self Manageable Servers (if applicable) Servers should be Source First too. It should be relatively easy for a user to run their own server for whatever service their client software needs.

3. Sovereign Identity (if applicable) Servers must allow the user to authenticate with a private/public key pair. Email and phone number authentication is sensible for normies, but it must always be possible for a user to transition to using a sovereign mechanism.

4. Open Databases (if applicable) Crowdsourced content should never be kept hidden in a silo by the crowdsourcer. The creator of the content most likely intended for their work to be distributed as widely as possible. The crowdsourcer must provide reasonable mechanisms for the content to be distributed by others.

5. End-to-end Encryption (if possible) Servers should never be able to leverage their man in the middle status to discern the content of communications between their users.

0. Don’t Suck This applies to all software, FUTO-ey or not. We have accomplished nothing if our software is sluggish, unreliable, or lacks key features. Our clients need to be delightful. Our servers need to help our clients be delightful. " <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Organizations]]

FUTO

2025-01-28T04:15:42Z

ADRdaniel: added stuff :)

{{StubNotice}}{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = FUTO
| Type = Private
| Founded = 2021
| Industry = Technology
| Official Website = https://www.futo.org/
| Logo = Futo header logo.svg
}}
[https://futo.org/ FUTO] , founded in 2021 by [[Eron Wolf]] ( a software developer, and noteworthy investor in [[What's app]] {{Citation needed}}), is an organization that develops applications and sponsors [[FOSS]] ([[wikipedia:Free_and_open-source_software|free and open source]]) software projects as well as other independent software projects that align with their principles.<ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref><ref>https://futo.org/grants/</ref> FUTO has enabled the development of notable apps, such as [[Immich]], FUTO Keyboard, and [[GrayJay]].

Eron Wolf Hired [[Louis Rossmann - Video Directory|Louis Rossman]] in 2021 as [ job title ] and to be the public figure head of the organization.

[https://keyboard.futo.org/ FUTO Keyboard] is a keyboard app for [[Android]]-based operating systems which offers many modern typing features like localized voice input, swipe typing, and autocorrect, while respecting the purchaser's rights.

FUTO has been criticized for using their own definition of the term "open source"<ref>https://danb.me/blog/futo-open-source-definition/</ref> and claiming their applications are "open source", when their license does not meet the [https://opensource.org/osd OSI's definition of the term]. FUTO has since changed their wording.<ref>https://www.futo.org/about/futo-statement-on-opensource/</ref>

== Organization's objectives & principles ==

=== Three pledges ===

* FUTO's first pledge is to "never sell out. All FUTO companies and FUTO-funded projects are expected to remain fiercely independent." <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>
* FUTO's second pledge is to never abuse it's customers.
* FUTO's third pledge is to all be devoted to transparency and to making High Quality Open-source software.

=== Ethical Capitalism ===
FUTO while a legally a C-Corporation for profit company<ref>https://futo.org/about/futo-faq/</ref> but as of 2025, according to Louis Rossmann [ job title ] at FUTO{{Citation needed}} is in no way profitable to it's sole owner & investor [[Eron Wolf]], and their stated financial goal is to operate fiercely independently and "never sell out."

=== The Five Pillars of FUTO-ey Software ===
" 1. Source First /Open Source If people are to have control over the computers in their lives, they must have the capability to inspect and modify the software running on them.

2. Self Manageable Servers (if applicable) Servers should be Source First too. It should be relatively easy for a user to run their own server for whatever service their client software needs.

3. Sovereign Identity (if applicable) Servers must allow the user to authenticate with a private/public key pair. Email and phone number authentication is sensible for normies, but it must always be possible for a user to transition to using a sovereign mechanism.

4. Open Databases (if applicable) Crowdsourced content should never be kept hidden in a silo by the crowdsourcer. The creator of the content most likely intended for their work to be distributed as widely as possible. The crowdsourcer must provide reasonable mechanisms for the content to be distributed by others.

5. End-to-end Encryption (if possible) Servers should never be able to leverage their man in the middle status to discern the content of communications between their users.

0. Don’t Suck This applies to all software, FUTO-ey or not. We have accomplished nothing if our software is sluggish, unreliable, or lacks key features. Our clients need to be delightful. Our servers need to help our clients be delightful. " <ref>https://futo.org/about/what-is-futo/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Organizations]]

Bootloader unlocking

2025-01-27T02:37:53Z

ADRdaniel: page outline

temporary redirect
#REDIRECT [[Samsung#Bootloader_unlocking]]

page outline:

Also see [[software locks]]

=== types of bootloader unlocking and firmware / operating system modification ===

==== Rooting (android) ====
Custom android operating systems

==== Jailbreaking (ios) ====
-only possible on old / EOL iphone and ipad hardware as of (date written)

==== Jailbreaking Game consoles: ====
-allowing sideloading of backups of physical media or transferring licensed copies from an unsupported platform as rom and iso image files

-unrestricting locked backwards computably

-homebrew and game modification.

- illicit use and drawbacks: eg piracy, cheating in multiplayer experiences, loss of online features.

==== Jailbreaking (other mobile os based devices ) ====
-e.g. : gps units media consoles

Bootloader unlocking

2025-01-27T02:21:25Z

ADRdaniel: temporary redirect

temporary redirect
#REDIRECT [[Samsung#Bootloader_unlocking]]

User:ADRdaniel

2025-01-27T02:19:20Z

ADRdaniel: added contributions page link

==The guy from Advanced Device Repair==

=== [[Special:Contributions/ADRdaniel|Contributions/ADRdaniel]] ===

====discord - danielthe_====

====youtube @ADRdaniel====

===about:===
device repair business owner

public business contact info

614 368 5145

cerifted grade A Turbo Nerd & inconceivable dork.

dark wizard of them electro-thingy-myboppers

User:ADRdaniel

2025-01-27T02:13:33Z

ADRdaniel: user profile

== The guy from Advanced Device Repair ==

==== discord - danielthe_ ====

==== youtube @ADRdaniel ====

=== about: ===
device repair business owner

public business contact info

614 368 5145

cerifted grade A Turbo Nerd & inconceivable dork.

dark wizard of them electro-thingy-myboppers

Software locks

2025-01-27T02:06:21Z

ADRdaniel: /* examples */ reformatted page to align closer to wiki standards

===Common definition===
Software locks are security measures used to control access & features in consumer electronic hardware & software. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software</ref> software locks by definition are not a bad practice and are very necessary for basic cyber security and operation of most hardware.

=== Noteworthy bad practice examples ===

====[[Anti Interoperability]]====
also see [[wikipedia:Proprietary_protoco|Proprietary protocols]]

wip stub example you can't use our competitors Bluetooth headset with our XYZ operating system because we invented a our own new proprietary XYZ Bluetooth audio codec and that product doesn't support it.

real example apple mfi certifications on charging and data transfer accessories

apple's history of anti-Interoperability

also see: [[hardware Anti Interoperability]] / [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware?]

====account parring====

=====in apple iphones=====
-wip [https://pirg.org/articles/refurbishers-repairers-and-recyclers-call-on-the-fcc-to-stop-phone-software-locks/ ref]

=====in appliances=====
hvac app activation of furnace control boards (also an example of [[Forced app download]] (editors note hard to find credible ref this is a thing with ruud furnace control boards) )

====Binding hardware features to non-transferable user accounts / activation & licensing locks====
-wip

====Server connectivity reliance====
-wip

( also see: [[Subscription service]])

==Further reading / also see==
[[Digital rights management|DRM (digital right managment)]]

[[wikipedia:Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software|Proprietary Software]]

[[Walled garden]] / [[Software Ecosystem]]

[[Bootloader unlocking]]

[[wikipedia:Proprietary_firmware|Proprietary firmware]]

<references />

Software locks

2025-01-27T02:01:13Z

ADRdaniel: more concept outlining

==also see==
[[Digital rights management|DRM (digital right managment)]]

[[wikipedia:Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software|Proprietary Software]]

[[Walled garden]] / [[Software Ecosystem]]

[[Bootloader unlocking]]

[[wikipedia:Proprietary_firmware|Proprietary firmware]]

===Common definition===
Software locks are security measures used to control access & features in consumer electronic hardware & software. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software</ref>

====[[Anti Interoperability]]====
also see [[wikipedia:Proprietary_protoco|Proprietary protocols]]

wip stub example you can't use our competitors Bluetooth headset with our XYZ operating system because we invented a our own new proprietary XYZ Bluetooth audio codec and that product doesn't support it.

real example apple mfi certifications on charging and data transfer accessories

apple's history of anti-Interoperability

also see: [[hardware Anti Interoperability]] / [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware?]

===examples===

====account parring====

===== in apple iphones =====
-wip [https://pirg.org/articles/refurbishers-repairers-and-recyclers-call-on-the-fcc-to-stop-phone-software-locks/ ref]

===== in appliances =====
hvac app activation of furnace control boards (also an example of [[Forced app download]] (editors note hard to find credible ref this is a thing with ruud furnace control boards) )

====Binding hardware features to non-transferable user accounts / activation & licensing locks====
-wip

====Server connectivity reliance====
-wip

( also see: [[Subscription service]])

<references />

Software locks

2025-01-27T01:53:47Z

ADRdaniel: page outline

== also see ==
[[Digital rights management|DRM (digital right managment)]]

[[wikipedia:Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software|Proprietary Software]]

[[Walled garden]] / [[Software Ecosystem]]

[[Bootloader unlocking]]

=== Common definition ===
Software locks are security measures used to control access & features in consumer electronic hardware & software. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software</ref>

==== [[Anti Interoperability]] ====
also see [[wikipedia:Proprietary_protoco|Proprietary protocols]]

wip stub example you can't use our competitors Bluetooth headset with our XYZ operating system because we invented a our own new proprietary XYZ Bluetooth audio codec and that product doesn't support it.

real example apple mfi certifications on charging and data transfer accessories

apple's history of anti-Interoperability

also see: [[hardware Anti Interoperability]] / [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_hardware?]

=== examples ===

==== account parring in apple iphones ====
-wip [https://pirg.org/articles/refurbishers-repairers-and-recyclers-call-on-the-fcc-to-stop-phone-software-locks/ ref]

==== Binding hardware features to non-transferable user accounts / activation & licensing locks ====
-wip

==== Server connectivity reliance ====
-wip

( also see: [[Subscription service]])

<references />

Samsung

2025-01-27T01:36:33Z

ADRdaniel: /* Consumer-protection profile */

[[wikipedia:Samsung|'''Samsung Group''']] is a multinational conglomerate founded in 1938. Their product portfolio ranges from consumer electronics to heavy equipment. The company is best known to consumers for their electronics such as televisions and mobile phones, as well as their home appliances such as refrigerators and washing machines.

{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = Samsung Group
| Type = Private
| Founded = 1938
| Industry = Conglomerate
| Official Website = https://samsung.com/
| Logo = Samsung Black icon.png
}}

==Consumer-protection profile==
'''Category: Smartphones'''

====Repairability====
Concerns have been raised about Samsung's business practices regarding serviceability, which have been criticized by trade organizations such as iFixit, and Repair.org<ref name=":0">https://www.ifixit.com/News/96162/were-ending-our-samsung-collaboration</ref> as well as industry professionals such as Jesse Cruz the owner of VCC Board Repairs<ref>https://www.youtube.com/@VCCBoardRepairs</ref>, and Former technicians from Samsung's Independent Genuine Service Program, including ADRDaniel owner of Advanced Device Repair.<ref name=":1">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ITmGXHSmL0&t=53s<nowiki/>- Louis reads Samsung Authorized independent service technicians' complaint about Samsung in an email from ADRdaniel</ref> <ref name=":2">https://www.youtube.com/@ADRdaniel</ref>[[File:Alternate model numbers 2.png|Alternate model numbers on samsungparts.com self service parts store.<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a</ref>|thumb|363x363px]]
*The majority of Samsung Phones have components glued in place, making disassembly and reassembly difficult.<ref>https://www.ifixit.com/News/44164/what-you-should-know-before-you-fix-samsung-phones</ref><ref>https://www.theregister.com/2021/03/12/ifixit_samsung_galaxy_s21_ultra/</ref>
*Samsung has imposed strict conditions on Authorized repair vendors, such as requiring technicians to fully dismantle devices<ref>https://www.404media.co/samsung-requires-independent-repair-shops-to-share-customer-data-snitch-on-people-who-use-aftermarket-parts-leaked-contract-shows/</ref>, and submit handwritten letters if they encounter non-genuine parts during repairs.<ref>https://www.theverge.com/samsung/2024/5/23/24163372/samsung-repair-snitch-aftermarket-parts</ref>
*Genuine self-repair smartphone displays available through Samsung's self-service parts store<ref name=":3">https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a#</ref> are 2x times more expensive ( Samsung Genuine Part :$370.95<ref name=":3" /> Mobilesentrix: $182.02'''<ref name=":4">https://www.mobilesentrix.com/oled-assembly-without-frame-compatible-for-samsung-galaxy-s24-ultra-service-pack-all-colors</ref>''' ) than identical, new parts from third parties such as Mobilesentrix, who have '''allegedly''' purchased from Samsung's own manufacturing or service partners having 95% of the global market share of OLED display manufacturing <ref name=":4" /> <ref name=":5">https://www.ifixit.com/News/16303/samsung-iphone-x-oled-screens-too-expensive</ref> "These "service packs" from Mobilesentrix are without a doubt new OEM Samsung displays" according to a Former Samsung authorized technician<ref name=":2" /> ''"With no viable aftermarket parts and few refurbished screens to compete with, alongside control of the pricing and supply, Samsung has few reasons to make replacements affordable for phones it and its shareholders want people to keep buying new. "'' <ref name=":5" />
**Samsung's self-service repair part selection for their flagship models (such as the Galaxy S24 Ultra, for example) [[:File:No product photos.png|provide no photos]], detailed descriptions or distinction between tools<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33544a</ref> for these models services or parts<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh59-15734a</ref> for said model.
***Samsung's genuine-parts store lists exactly 100 sub models of Galaxy S24, using their alternate, longer, and more confusing model numbers in their part-compatibility charts. These numbers specify carrier, region, sub-region, and color distinctions, which are unnecessary for buyers of self-service parts.<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a</ref> An equally comprehensive list of all models (in the table below) from all regions lists only nine distinct models with their legible 7-digit part numbers. <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s24_ultra-12771.php</ref> for the display replacement in question the part is universal to all sub models. <ref name=":4" />
{| class="wikitable"
|SM-S928B, SM-S928B/DS, SM-S928U, SM-S928U1, SM-S928W, SM-S928N, SM-S9280, SM-S928E, SM-S928E/DS
|}
====''[[Bootloader unlocking]]''====
Unlocking the bootloader of an android device is a way users can take back control of their own device by allowing more customization, better performance, enhancing privacy, allowing choice in what software runs unrestricted or preloaded on the devices.<ref>https://www.androidauthority.com/unique-android-launcher-3477698/ minmal andriod launchers for preformance.</ref> Many Samsung mobile devices outside the US and canada can have their bootloader unlocked by various means, but this essential feature comes with many restrictions: <ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/androidroot/comments/1g2xhd9/unlock_bootloader_for_newer_samsung_devices_in/</ref>

*When bootloader unlocked, Samsung devices have their KNOX fuse tripped, which voids warranty and restricts access to apps such as the Secure Folder, Samsung Pay, Samsung Pass and Samsung Health. These restrictions apply even after relocking the bootloader, meaning that gaining control over your own device requires you to give away some of the functionality you paid for and possibly hurting its aftermarket value. <ref>https://docs.samsungknox.com/admin/fundamentals/whitepaper/samsung-knox-for-android/core-platform-security/root-of-trust/#:~:text=The%20purpose%20of%20the%20Knox,feature%20like%20SELinux%20is%20disabled</ref>
*In some instances, Samsung has sold devices capable of bootloader unlocking, but further restricted it with an update. This happened with the Galaxy Tab A 2019 (SM-T290), which had an update to its bootloader that restricted both the ability to flash new firmware and to downgrade to an older, working firmware<ref>https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/gtowifi/install/#special-requirements</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/LineageOS/comments/119nz5t/bootloader_version_not_compatible_with/jabng43/?context=3</ref>, therefore restricting users to the sluggish One UI which runs notoriously bad in this device<ref>https://www.ifixit.com/Answers/View/756811/Why+is+my+device+so+slow</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/techsupport/comments/17v87gh/how_can_i_speed_up_samsung_galaxy_tab_a_2019/</ref>.
*
'''Category: Home appliances'''
*According to ifixit's documentation of Samsung repair, schematic diagrams and service parts were cited in their survey, in collaboration with PIRG<ref>https://pirg.org/campaigns/right-to-repair/</ref> and Repair.org<ref>https://www.repair.org/restricting-access</ref>, of professional repair technicians as "difficult to find service documentation" <ref name=":6">New article from ifixit

https://www.ifixit.com/News/71693/appliance-repair-pros-struggle-to-find-lg-and-samsung-documentation

The investigation by US PIRG, iFixit and Repair.org https://www.regulations.gov/comment/FTC-2022-0061-0033

Which is sourced from the below letter to the united states FTC

https://valkyrie.cdn.ifixit.com/media/2023/01/30193712/Repair-Coalition-Letter-for-FTC-Energy-Guide-Ruling-ANPR-R611004.pdf</ref>
*Repair.org surveyed repair professionals who were able to acquire service manuals from manufactures including Samsung: "Even when they get access to those manuals, technicians sometimes don’t find the information they need. Repair manuals are often lacking fault codes and schematic diagrams needed to complete repairs." <ref name=":6" />

==References==

[[Category:Mobile phone manufacturers]]
[[Category:Samsung]]

[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]
<references />

Used market restrictions

2025-01-27T01:23:16Z

ADRdaniel: Redirected page to Software locks

#REDIRECT [[software locks]]
[[Category:Common terms]]

Forced eSIMs

2025-01-26T23:29:28Z

ADRdaniel: /* Google Pixel */ major additions , preamble and context for less tech-savvy reads

{{StubNotice}}

==Hardware==

=== Understanding modern sim card & [[wikipedia:ESIM|'''eSIM''' ('''embedded SIM''')]] hardware. ===
The current global modern standard by market adoption for SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) cards are nano sim form factor, universal integrated circuit card (UICC) SOC's (system on a chip) cards. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIM_card#Developments</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_integrated_circuit_card</ref> this is the smaller sim card you started seeing in every handset from every major phone manufacturer beginning with hardware releases after 2012.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIM_card#Nano-SIM</ref> just like your phone, computer etc. these cards have their own cpu ram rom and digital I/o. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_integrated_circuit_card#design</ref> '''eUICC''' (embedded UICC) also known as E-SIM cards are a form of highly re-programmable SIM typically as [[wikipedia:Ball_grid_array|BGA]] IC chips soldered directly to the phones logic board during manufacturing.

===iPhone===
Apple Has introduced eUICC chips & eSIM support alongside the release of the iPhone 12 series in quarter 4 of 2020. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone_12

https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_12-10509.php

https://www.apple.com/by/iphone-12/specs/</ref> apple has counited this feature to date. <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/results.php3?chkESIM=selected&chkReview=selected&sMakers=48&sAvailabilities=1,2&s5Gs=0&idCardslot=3</ref> in 2022 with the release of the iphone 14 series USA model iphones dropped hardware support of user replaceable UICC nano sim cards<ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_14-11861.php

https://support.apple.com/en-us/118669</ref> "'''iPhone 14''' models and later that are '''eSIM only''' can activate without a Wi-Fi network. How to set up an '''eSIM''' on '''iPhone'''." <ref>https://support.apple.com/en-us/118669</ref>(the normal sim card most US and international users are familiar with.) in all other apple model varieties, INTERNATIONAL and CHINA. nano-sim remained supported outside the United States; by the 14 series, 15 series and 16 series. (most recent release as of writing 1/26/25.)

this transition raises further concerns about potentials for abuse if unregulated through [[wikipedia:Vendor_lock-in|Vendor lock in]], [[planned obsolescence]], and [[Anti competitive behavior]] in the form of [[Used market resisctions|used market restrictions]] <ref name=":0">https://www.apple.com/privacy/control/</ref><ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planned_obsolescence</ref>

===Future speculation===
'''''-NOTE- the sources below are not to this wiki's overall standards of credibility and will likely be changed to first party sources from the manufacturer later once more reliable information is available'''''

*iPhone 17 Air:

According to Unofficial preliminary specifications for the iphone 17 air, support for nano sim will be entirely dropped for the model in all markets not just the united states.<ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_17_air-13502.php

https://support.apple.com/en-us/101569</ref> <ref>https://www.macrumors.com/roundup/iphone-17/#sim_tray

https://www.theinformation.com/articles/apples-thin-iphone-has-no-physical-sims-that-could-dampen-china-sales</ref> this is based on rumors and speculations, however the psychical size of the device has been disclosed as "5.5mm" by Ming-Chi Kuo (a medium tech trade blogger described as: TF International Securities analyst. who Shares observations and predictions of tech industry trends.) would make nano sim support physically speaking a significant enough engineering challenge it's wide considered not viable & or unlikely. <ref>https://medium.com/@mingchikuo/apple%E5%9C%A82025%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E5%B0%87%E9%9D%A2%E8%87%A8%E6%9B%B4%E7%82%BA%E5%9A%B4%E5%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%91%E6%88%B0-%E9%A0%88%E8%AC%B9%E6%85%8E%E9%9D%A2%E5%B0%8D%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E5%85%88%E5%89%8D%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E6%A8%82%E8%A7%80%E5%B0%8E%E8%87%B4%E7%9A%84%E6%BD%9B%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%8B%E8%A1%8C%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA-6256c091f06d</ref>

'''''End note -'''''

industry transition to '''Integrated SIM (iSIM)''' to the end user this is indistinguishable to EUICC e-sims however with isim the soc is embedded directly in the phones SOC or CPU dye. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESIM</ref> this unfortunately irreversibly even by highly technical means such as microsoldering ties data identifiers like a sim id history with the device IMEI and hardware id's <ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9847909/#sec001</ref> Which this transition would raise further concerns about potentials for abuse if unregulated through [[wikipedia:Vendor_lock-in|Vendor lock in]], [[planned obsolescence]], and [[Anti competitive behavior]] in the form of [[Used market resisctions|used market restrictions]] <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

===Samsung Galaxy===
Samsung introduced e-sim support in 2020 with the Galaxy s20 series of phones and continues nano sim support to the current day as of writing ( with 2025's S25 series of Galaxy phones.) <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung-phones-9.php</ref>

===Google Pixel===
all google pixel phones currently support nano sim <ref>[https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7086887?hl=en#:~:text=You%20can%20connect%20your%20phone,of%20getting%20a%20new%20one. https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7086887?hl=en#:~:text=You%20can%20connect%20your%20phone,of%20getting%20a%20new%20one.]</ref>

==Mobile carriers & Networks==

===United states Mobile phone networks===
A fairly recent behavior of major mobile carriers (AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, etc.) is that they may sometimes supply devices with a digital SIM card, or eSIM card without the option of a traditional nano sim alternative.{{Citation needed}}

===Europe union Mobile phone networks{{Citation needed}}===
euicc esim tech is basically not yet widely adopted in this market *

===China's Mobile phone networks===
euicc esim tech is basically not yet widely adopted in this market *

==References==
{{reflist}}

Forced eSIMs

2025-01-26T21:03:42Z

ADRdaniel: major expansion on page topic

{{StubNotice}}

=== '''Hardware:''' ===

==== '''iPhone''' ====
Apple Has introduced Esim support alongside the release of the iPhone 12 series in quarter 4 of 2020. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone_12

https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_12-10509.php

https://www.apple.com/by/iphone-12/specs/</ref> apple has counited this feature to date. <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/results.php3?chkESIM=selected&chkReview=selected&sMakers=48&sAvailabilities=1,2&s5Gs=0&idCardslot=3</ref> in 2022 with the release of the iphone 14 series USA model iphones dropped support of nano sim<ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_14-11861.php

https://support.apple.com/en-us/118669</ref> "'''iPhone 14''' models and later that are '''eSIM only''' can activate without a Wi-Fi network. How to set up an '''eSIM''' on '''iPhone'''." <ref>https://support.apple.com/en-us/118669</ref>(the normal sim card most US and international users are familiar with.) in all other apple model varieties, INTERNATIONAL and CHINA. nano-sim remained supported outside the United States; by the 14 series, 15 series and 16 series. (most recent release as of writing 1/26/25.)

==== Future speculation: ====
'''''NOTE the sources below are not to this wiki's overall standards of credibility and will likely be changed to first party sources from the manufacturer later once more reliable information is available'''''

* iPhone 17 Air:

According to Unofficial preliminary specifications for the iphone 17 air, support for nano sim will be entirely dropped for the model.<ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/apple_iphone_17_air-13502.php

https://support.apple.com/en-us/101569</ref> <ref>https://www.macrumors.com/roundup/iphone-17/#sim_tray

https://www.theinformation.com/articles/apples-thin-iphone-has-no-physical-sims-that-could-dampen-china-sales</ref> this is based on rumors and speculations, however the psychical size of the device has been disclosed as "5.5mm" by Ming-Chi Kuo (a medium tech trade blogger described as: TF International Securities analyst. who Shares observations and predictions of tech industry trends.) would make nano sim support physically speaking a significant enough engineering challenge it's wide considered not viable & or unlikely. <ref>https://medium.com/@mingchikuo/apple%E5%9C%A82025%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E5%B0%87%E9%9D%A2%E8%87%A8%E6%9B%B4%E7%82%BA%E5%9A%B4%E5%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%91%E6%88%B0-%E9%A0%88%E8%AC%B9%E6%85%8E%E9%9D%A2%E5%B0%8D%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E5%85%88%E5%89%8D%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E6%A8%82%E8%A7%80%E5%B0%8E%E8%87%B4%E7%9A%84%E6%BD%9B%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%8B%E8%A1%8C%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA-6256c091f06d</ref>

'''''End note -'''''

==== '''Samsung Galaxy''' ====
Samsung introduced e-sim support in 2020 with the Galaxy s20 series of phones and continues nano sim support to the current day as of writing ( with 2025's S25 series of Galaxy phones.) <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung-phones-9.php</ref>

==== Google Pixel ====
all google pixel phones currently support nano sim <ref>[https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7086887?hl=en#:~:text=You%20can%20connect%20your%20phone,of%20getting%20a%20new%20one. https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7086887?hl=en#:~:text=You%20can%20connect%20your%20phone,of%20getting%20a%20new%20one.]</ref>

=== '''Mobile carriers & Networks:''' ===

==== United states Mobile phone networks ====
A fairly recent behavior of major mobile carriers (AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, etc.) is that they may sometimes supply devices with a digital SIM card, or eSIM card. (Seriously, PLEASE expand upon this){{Citation needed}}

==== Europe union Mobile phone networks{{Citation needed}} ====
basically not adopted in this market *

==== China's Mobile phone networks ====

<references />

Forced app download

2025-01-26T19:50:31Z

ADRdaniel: /* Insurance */

{{incomplete}}
'''Forced app download''' is a practice by businesses and government entities, where users are forced to download an app to their phones to perform basic tasks that could have otherwise been done on a standard web browser<ref>[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9380491 D. Tian, Y. Ma, A. Balasubramanian, Y. Liu, G. Huang and X. Liu, "Characterizing Embedded Web Browsing in Mobile Apps," in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 3912-3925, 1 Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMC.2021.3065945.]</ref> (e.g., adding a credit card for payments) or in real life (e.g., ordering a coffee).

Forced app download is becoming increasingly popular in many countries pushing digitization. A prime example is Singapore whose government is all-in on digital everything, where it is impossible for anyone to have a bank account without using the bank's app, and everyone must have a device that runs stock iOS or Android in order to download various government and business apps from their respective official app stores. Devices must also be running stock operating systems, since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks and require extensive technical knowledge to run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.<ref>https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/8330-app-compatibility-with-grapheneos</ref><ref>https://github.com/chiteroman/PlayIntegrityFix</ref>

Most companies<ref>https://cybernews.com/news/facebook-spying-snapchat-youtube-amazon-installing-kits/</ref> (and likely most governments)<ref>https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-pokemon-go-spying-conspiracy</ref> would love for this to happen in more countries across the globe because forced app download allows for:

#'''Identification and tracking of users''' - not just on an account level and payments, but through deep device identifiers, location, and network connection
#'''Push of the cashless agenda''' - digital-only payments typically go hand-in-hand with app-only experiences
#'''Increased digital integration''' - endless possibilities of integrating and sharing data with payment processors, ad providers,
#'''Increased centralization and dependency on big companies''' - putting more power in the hands of big tech (Apple and Google) with mandatory official app store downloads and big payments (Visa and MasterCard) with forced digital payments

==Characteristics==
Forced app download involves:

#'''Forcing download and use of app to interact with a business''' - Basic tasks like ordering, making payments, changing settings.
#'''Deliberately crippling or removing functionality from the web experience''' - Prevent users from having an alternative interface to perform basic tasks.
#'''Forcing users to always be on the latest version of an app''' - "For your security" (as they usually claim), most of these apps will constantly check for the latest version and self-disable if they are older than X versions (varies by company)
#'''Mandatory use of account''' - For most of these apps to work, you must have an account for features to work. For example, with the Luckin Coffee app, you must create an account tied to your phone number. You cannot order as a guest

==Key implications==

===User tracking and intrusion of privacy===
The hallmarks of forced app download are mandatory account creation and usage, and digital payments. This allows tracking of the user not just by the company behind the app, but the payment provider and any other associated third-party partners.

===Mandatory use of "approved devices" and big-tech operating systems===
Most apps are only available for download on official from official app stores, meaning consumers must use a device running stock iOS or Android, or else jump through hoops to run them<ref>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Android#Run_Android_apps_on_Arch_Linux</ref><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/18003462</ref>.

Devices must also be running stock operating systems since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks<ref>https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity/setup#default</ref> and will not run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.

Some companies such as big banks in Singapore have also started incorporating checks for "unverified apps" in their app. This means their app will scan your phone and check for sideloaded apps (anywhere that is not the official app store. For example, an app downloaded directly from APK Mirror or an unofficial app repository like F-Droid) as part of "anti-scam security measures that include restricting customers from accessing the banks’ digital services on their mobile phones if apps from unverified app stores – also known as sideloaded apps – are detected"<ref>https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/dbs-uob-anti-scam-sideloaded-app-malware-measure-latest-bank-restrict-app-access-3796806</ref>

===[[Surge pricing]]===
So far, the implementation of surge pricing in the context of businesses that use forced app download has not yet been seen. However, trust that the enterprising individuals and ecommerce platform providers (especially "modern headless ecommerce" companies<ref>https://www.forrester.com/blogs/doing-selling-and-being-headless-commerce/</ref>) looking to maximize clean out of consumers' wallets will quickly develop and deploy surge pricing once businesses with forced app download gain sufficient footing both in their respective industries and in general market penetration.

Since ordering and payments are entirely digital, it is very possible to see surge pricing (similar to what we've seen from ride hailing companies like Uber, Lyft and Grab) implemented across other industries.

For example, a restaurant that is popular enough could implement surge pricing to charge more during peak hours, like weekday lunch time to hit the downtime office crowd that is lacking in time and places to eat, or Friday night when many people are looking to go out.

===Third-party integration===
Just like how some car insurance providers in the US are adjusting their rates based on "smart" reporting from cars, it is also very possible for other intrusive and oppressive pair ups to happen. For example:

*Restaurants, cafes and bars with forced app download sharing data with health insurance companies, who increase your premium if they see a lifestyle/pattern of ordering unhealthy dishes or overly large portions, or frequenting that bubble tea shop too often.
*Government tax agency charging you "excess carbon footprint" taxes because you often order a lot of clothes beyond the number that the "Average" person of your profile wears, based on what your favorite fast fashion retailer with forced app download is sharing with them.
[[File:Digital turbine logo .png|alt=digital turbine logo |thumb|digital turbine logo ]]
[[File:No unverified apps.png|thumb|Singapore banks will "restrict access if unverified apps AKA sideloaded apps are found on customers' phones" (News story from Sep 2023)]]

==Examples==
'''Mobile Carriers and App marketplaces'''

Companies like [[digital turbine]] auction<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/dt-fairbid</ref> off placement in carriers automatic download lists and recommended app's placement in first and third party app stores<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/telecom</ref>

Digital turbine sells forced app downloads from app developers like: [[zynga]], miniclip games, [[King Digital Entertainment|'''King''' Digital Entertainment]] and [[Uber EULA precludes jury trial|Uber]], placement in forced download lists to carries like: [[Verizon]], [[At&T]], [[Cricket wireless]], us cellular, tracfone and T-mobile. <ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/</ref>

===Banking and finance===
All banks in Singapore (Citi, DBS, UOB, OCBC, Standard Chartered, CIMB) mandate use of their apps for consumers to perform any online banking activities, including logging in via their web browser.
[[File:Forced app download.png|thumb|Luckin Coffee, a China-origin Starbucks competitor, forces you to download their app to order and pay for coffee. You cannot order coffee at the cashier in their store, let alone pay. You must use the app to interact with this business and digital payments to pay.]]
The apps generate notifications that require users to approve/deny actions like logging in via a web browser, initiating a payment, adding a payee, etc via the app itself. Some banks previously offered sending an OTP via SMS (text) as an alternative to app-based approval but this has since been discontinued for "security reasons".

==='''Insurance'''===
Auto insurance companies like [[Progressive]], require non policy holders effected by automotive incidents their policyholders claim to submit photos and video evidence of damages exclusively through their mobile app.<ref name=":0">https://www.progressive.com/claims/auto-process/</ref> Affected non policy holders can't complete the entire claim process through their website even though you can start the process online from any device and web browser. <ref name=":0" />

===Utilities and public services===
SP Group is Singapore's primary and default electricity provider, as well as the country's only provider for gas and water for consumers. In 2022, SP Group removed the ability to manage payments from their website, forcing users to download and use their mobile app to pay bills/manage recurring payments<ref>https://www.spdigital.sg/spapp/bill-payment</ref>.

As they are the country's only provider for gas and water, everyone in Singapore MUST download their app at some point.

===Home appliances and hardware===
Speaker and sound hardware company [[Sonos]] has been a big practitioner of forced app download since at least 2017<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/advanced-setups-229000/make-sonos-work-without-internet-6795315</ref>. Sonos makes it extremely difficult and annoying, if not impossible for their customers to use their purchased hardware without an app and/or internet connection.

Even though it is possible to use Sonos speakers without an app, initial setup has required the download and use of Sonos' app since at least May 2022.

"Yes you can (use the Sonos Roam speaker without an app). However, you will need to set it up for the first time using the app." (May 2022)<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/portable-speakers-229130/can-i-use-a-roam-without-the-app-6869207</ref>

In addition, not all Sonos products support use without an app (April 2023)<ref>https://soundscapehq.com/how-to-use-sonos-without-app/</ref> and even if they do, sans-app usability is only limited to one speaker.

"You can use speakers without an app, but it only applies to a single speaker. If you want to play audio across multiple speakers, you will have to use the app and there is no other workaround to this." (Dec 2021)<ref>https://earrockers.com/can-you-use-sonos-speakers-without-the-app/</ref>

===Retail and ecommerce===
Ecommerce giant [[Shopee]] which has a stronghold in online retail in South East Asia and Latin America has integrated a soft forced app download to their customer experience.

While it is still possible to browse, shop and checkout on a web browser, coupons usable on the web experience (regardless if mobile or desktop device) are limited to "Shipping Discount" coupons only. All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

When a customer attempts to check out on a web browser, Shopee shows that Discount & Cashback coupons are not usable because "Current device does not meet voucher T&C". On closer inspection of the terms and conditions of those coupons, Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android". What they are referring to is you must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons. As pictured, the coupons are still not available on iOS and Android devices if the customer is using their web browser. They MUST download the Shopee app.
[[File:Shopee restricts coupon usage to app only.png|thumb|LEFT: Shopee limits customers to using "Shipping Discount" coupons only if checking out on a web browser (desktop and mobile).

MIDDLE: All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

RIGHT: Closer inspection of the terms and conditions where Shopee specifies a device requirement for using many of their coupons.

When Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android", they mean customers must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons.

Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons in question remain disabled in this scenario.]]
[[File:Shopee coupon still unusable on mobile web.jpg|thumb|Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons with the device requirement remain disabled. What Shopee means by "Device: iOS, Android" in their coupons' terms and conditions is that customers MUST download and use the Shopee app for those coupons to be usable.]]

===Food and beverage===
An increasing number of 'digital-native' food businesses that are app-only are making their way onto the market. For example, Luckin Coffee, a Starbucks competitor of China origin with stores in Singapore and planned expansion into Malaysia and the US in 2025<ref>https://www.worldcoffeeportal.com/Latest/News/2024/October/China-s-Luckin-Coffee-reportedly-planning-US-launc</ref>, only allows ordering of beverages and payments via its app. The way it works is you download the app, register an account, log in, order a coffee and pay for it, then pick it up at a Luckin Coffee location. "With Luckin, you do not order coffee over the counter like in regular Western coffee shops. Instead, you do everything online. I ordered my drinks here without even needing to talk to the Barista!"<ref>https://www.clearlycoffee.com/review-signature-luckin-coffee-drinks-photos-creamy-dreamy-big-cheesy-coconut-latte/</ref>

With a food-and-beverage business that is fully committed to forced app download like Luckin Coffee, there is no way to order nor pay at the physical store. You must download and use the app to interact with the business.

Forced app download represents the next stage of evolution from QR code based ordering. The key differences are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Characteristic
!Forced app download
!QR-code based
|-
|Interface
|App downloaded from official app store
|Page opened in your choice of web browser
|-
|Ordering
|Order MUST be placed via app
|QR is pushed but usually possible to order offline (in real life)
|-
|Login
|You MUST create an account and log in to place an order
|Not required, often no registration is possible
|-
|Payments
|Cashless digital payment only
Payment MUST be made via app
|Depending on website, sometimes order online, pay offline
Depending on business, cash payments are usually possible
|}

==References==

[[Category:Common terms]]
<references />

Forced app download

2025-01-26T19:49:10Z

ADRdaniel: format changes

{{incomplete}}
'''Forced app download''' is a practice by businesses and government entities, where users are forced to download an app to their phones to perform basic tasks that could have otherwise been done on a standard web browser<ref>[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9380491 D. Tian, Y. Ma, A. Balasubramanian, Y. Liu, G. Huang and X. Liu, "Characterizing Embedded Web Browsing in Mobile Apps," in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 3912-3925, 1 Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMC.2021.3065945.]</ref> (e.g., adding a credit card for payments) or in real life (e.g., ordering a coffee).

Forced app download is becoming increasingly popular in many countries pushing digitization. A prime example is Singapore whose government is all-in on digital everything, where it is impossible for anyone to have a bank account without using the bank's app, and everyone must have a device that runs stock iOS or Android in order to download various government and business apps from their respective official app stores. Devices must also be running stock operating systems, since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks and require extensive technical knowledge to run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.<ref>https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/8330-app-compatibility-with-grapheneos</ref><ref>https://github.com/chiteroman/PlayIntegrityFix</ref>

Most companies<ref>https://cybernews.com/news/facebook-spying-snapchat-youtube-amazon-installing-kits/</ref> (and likely most governments)<ref>https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-pokemon-go-spying-conspiracy</ref> would love for this to happen in more countries across the globe because forced app download allows for:

#'''Identification and tracking of users''' - not just on an account level and payments, but through deep device identifiers, location, and network connection
#'''Push of the cashless agenda''' - digital-only payments typically go hand-in-hand with app-only experiences
#'''Increased digital integration''' - endless possibilities of integrating and sharing data with payment processors, ad providers,
#'''Increased centralization and dependency on big companies''' - putting more power in the hands of big tech (Apple and Google) with mandatory official app store downloads and big payments (Visa and MasterCard) with forced digital payments

==Characteristics==
Forced app download involves:

#'''Forcing download and use of app to interact with a business''' - Basic tasks like ordering, making payments, changing settings.
#'''Deliberately crippling or removing functionality from the web experience''' - Prevent users from having an alternative interface to perform basic tasks.
#'''Forcing users to always be on the latest version of an app''' - "For your security" (as they usually claim), most of these apps will constantly check for the latest version and self-disable if they are older than X versions (varies by company)
#'''Mandatory use of account''' - For most of these apps to work, you must have an account for features to work. For example, with the Luckin Coffee app, you must create an account tied to your phone number. You cannot order as a guest

==Key implications==

===User tracking and intrusion of privacy===
The hallmarks of forced app download are mandatory account creation and usage, and digital payments. This allows tracking of the user not just by the company behind the app, but the payment provider and any other associated third-party partners.

===Mandatory use of "approved devices" and big-tech operating systems===
Most apps are only available for download on official from official app stores, meaning consumers must use a device running stock iOS or Android, or else jump through hoops to run them<ref>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Android#Run_Android_apps_on_Arch_Linux</ref><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/18003462</ref>.

Devices must also be running stock operating systems since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks<ref>https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity/setup#default</ref> and will not run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.

Some companies such as big banks in Singapore have also started incorporating checks for "unverified apps" in their app. This means their app will scan your phone and check for sideloaded apps (anywhere that is not the official app store. For example, an app downloaded directly from APK Mirror or an unofficial app repository like F-Droid) as part of "anti-scam security measures that include restricting customers from accessing the banks’ digital services on their mobile phones if apps from unverified app stores – also known as sideloaded apps – are detected"<ref>https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/dbs-uob-anti-scam-sideloaded-app-malware-measure-latest-bank-restrict-app-access-3796806</ref>

===[[Surge pricing]]===
So far, the implementation of surge pricing in the context of businesses that use forced app download has not yet been seen. However, trust that the enterprising individuals and ecommerce platform providers (especially "modern headless ecommerce" companies<ref>https://www.forrester.com/blogs/doing-selling-and-being-headless-commerce/</ref>) looking to maximize clean out of consumers' wallets will quickly develop and deploy surge pricing once businesses with forced app download gain sufficient footing both in their respective industries and in general market penetration.

Since ordering and payments are entirely digital, it is very possible to see surge pricing (similar to what we've seen from ride hailing companies like Uber, Lyft and Grab) implemented across other industries.

For example, a restaurant that is popular enough could implement surge pricing to charge more during peak hours, like weekday lunch time to hit the downtime office crowd that is lacking in time and places to eat, or Friday night when many people are looking to go out.

===Third-party integration===
Just like how some car insurance providers in the US are adjusting their rates based on "smart" reporting from cars, it is also very possible for other intrusive and oppressive pair ups to happen. For example:

*Restaurants, cafes and bars with forced app download sharing data with health insurance companies, who increase your premium if they see a lifestyle/pattern of ordering unhealthy dishes or overly large portions, or frequenting that bubble tea shop too often.
*Government tax agency charging you "excess carbon footprint" taxes because you often order a lot of clothes beyond the number that the "Average" person of your profile wears, based on what your favorite fast fashion retailer with forced app download is sharing with them.
[[File:Digital turbine logo .png|alt=digital turbine logo |thumb|digital turbine logo ]]
[[File:No unverified apps.png|thumb|Singapore banks will "restrict access if unverified apps AKA sideloaded apps are found on customers' phones" (News story from Sep 2023)]]

==Examples==
'''Mobile Carriers and App marketplaces'''

Companies like [[digital turbine]] auction<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/dt-fairbid</ref> off placement in carriers automatic download lists and recommended app's placement in first and third party app stores<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/telecom</ref>

Digital turbine sells forced app downloads from app developers like: [[zynga]], miniclip games, [[King Digital Entertainment|'''King''' Digital Entertainment]] and [[Uber EULA precludes jury trial|Uber]], placement in forced download lists to carries like: [[Verizon]], [[At&T]], [[Cricket wireless]], us cellular, tracfone and T-mobile. <ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/</ref>

===Banking and finance===
All banks in Singapore (Citi, DBS, UOB, OCBC, Standard Chartered, CIMB) mandate use of their apps for consumers to perform any online banking activities, including logging in via their web browser.
[[File:Forced app download.png|thumb|Luckin Coffee, a China-origin Starbucks competitor, forces you to download their app to order and pay for coffee. You cannot order coffee at the cashier in their store, let alone pay. You must use the app to interact with this business and digital payments to pay.]]
The apps generate notifications that require users to approve/deny actions like logging in via a web browser, initiating a payment, adding a payee, etc via the app itself. Some banks previously offered sending an OTP via SMS (text) as an alternative to app-based approval but this has since been discontinued for "security reasons".

=== '''Insurance''' ===
Auto insurance companies like [[Progressive]], require non plan holders effected by automotive incidents their policyholders claim to submit photos and video evidence of damages exclusively through their mobile app.<ref name=":0">https://www.progressive.com/claims/auto-process/</ref> Affected non policy holders can't complete the entire claim process through their website even though you can start the process online from any device and web browser. <ref name=":0" />

===Utilities and public services===
SP Group is Singapore's primary and default electricity provider, as well as the country's only provider for gas and water for consumers. In 2022, SP Group removed the ability to manage payments from their website, forcing users to download and use their mobile app to pay bills/manage recurring payments<ref>https://www.spdigital.sg/spapp/bill-payment</ref>.

As they are the country's only provider for gas and water, everyone in Singapore MUST download their app at some point.

===Home appliances and hardware===
Speaker and sound hardware company [[Sonos]] has been a big practitioner of forced app download since at least 2017<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/advanced-setups-229000/make-sonos-work-without-internet-6795315</ref>. Sonos makes it extremely difficult and annoying, if not impossible for their customers to use their purchased hardware without an app and/or internet connection.

Even though it is possible to use Sonos speakers without an app, initial setup has required the download and use of Sonos' app since at least May 2022.

"Yes you can (use the Sonos Roam speaker without an app). However, you will need to set it up for the first time using the app." (May 2022)<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/portable-speakers-229130/can-i-use-a-roam-without-the-app-6869207</ref>

In addition, not all Sonos products support use without an app (April 2023)<ref>https://soundscapehq.com/how-to-use-sonos-without-app/</ref> and even if they do, sans-app usability is only limited to one speaker.

"You can use speakers without an app, but it only applies to a single speaker. If you want to play audio across multiple speakers, you will have to use the app and there is no other workaround to this." (Dec 2021)<ref>https://earrockers.com/can-you-use-sonos-speakers-without-the-app/</ref>

===Retail and ecommerce===
Ecommerce giant [[Shopee]] which has a stronghold in online retail in South East Asia and Latin America has integrated a soft forced app download to their customer experience.

While it is still possible to browse, shop and checkout on a web browser, coupons usable on the web experience (regardless if mobile or desktop device) are limited to "Shipping Discount" coupons only. All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

When a customer attempts to check out on a web browser, Shopee shows that Discount & Cashback coupons are not usable because "Current device does not meet voucher T&C". On closer inspection of the terms and conditions of those coupons, Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android". What they are referring to is you must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons. As pictured, the coupons are still not available on iOS and Android devices if the customer is using their web browser. They MUST download the Shopee app.
[[File:Shopee restricts coupon usage to app only.png|thumb|LEFT: Shopee limits customers to using "Shipping Discount" coupons only if checking out on a web browser (desktop and mobile).

MIDDLE: All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

RIGHT: Closer inspection of the terms and conditions where Shopee specifies a device requirement for using many of their coupons.

When Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android", they mean customers must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons.

Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons in question remain disabled in this scenario.]]
[[File:Shopee coupon still unusable on mobile web.jpg|thumb|Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons with the device requirement remain disabled. What Shopee means by "Device: iOS, Android" in their coupons' terms and conditions is that customers MUST download and use the Shopee app for those coupons to be usable.]]

===Food and beverage===
An increasing number of 'digital-native' food businesses that are app-only are making their way onto the market. For example, Luckin Coffee, a Starbucks competitor of China origin with stores in Singapore and planned expansion into Malaysia and the US in 2025<ref>https://www.worldcoffeeportal.com/Latest/News/2024/October/China-s-Luckin-Coffee-reportedly-planning-US-launc</ref>, only allows ordering of beverages and payments via its app. The way it works is you download the app, register an account, log in, order a coffee and pay for it, then pick it up at a Luckin Coffee location. "With Luckin, you do not order coffee over the counter like in regular Western coffee shops. Instead, you do everything online. I ordered my drinks here without even needing to talk to the Barista!"<ref>https://www.clearlycoffee.com/review-signature-luckin-coffee-drinks-photos-creamy-dreamy-big-cheesy-coconut-latte/</ref>

With a food-and-beverage business that is fully committed to forced app download like Luckin Coffee, there is no way to order nor pay at the physical store. You must download and use the app to interact with the business.

Forced app download represents the next stage of evolution from QR code based ordering. The key differences are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Characteristic
!Forced app download
!QR-code based
|-
|Interface
|App downloaded from official app store
|Page opened in your choice of web browser
|-
|Ordering
|Order MUST be placed via app
|QR is pushed but usually possible to order offline (in real life)
|-
|Login
|You MUST create an account and log in to place an order
|Not required, often no registration is possible
|-
|Payments
|Cashless digital payment only
Payment MUST be made via app
|Depending on website, sometimes order online, pay offline
Depending on business, cash payments are usually possible
|}

==References==

[[Category:Common terms]]
<references />

Forced app download

2025-01-24T23:44:00Z

ADRdaniel: /* Surge pricing */

{{incomplete}}
'''Forced app download''' is a practice by businesses and government entities, where users are forced to download an app to their phones to perform basic tasks that could have otherwise been done on a standard web browser<ref>[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9380491 D. Tian, Y. Ma, A. Balasubramanian, Y. Liu, G. Huang and X. Liu, "Characterizing Embedded Web Browsing in Mobile Apps," in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 3912-3925, 1 Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMC.2021.3065945.]</ref> (e.g., adding a credit card for payments) or in real life (e.g., ordering a coffee).

Forced app download is becoming increasingly popular in many countries pushing digitization. A prime example is Singapore whose government is all-in on digital everything, where it is impossible for anyone to have a bank account without using the bank's app, and everyone must have a device that runs stock iOS or Android in order to download various government and business apps from their respective official app stores. Devices must also be running stock operating systems, since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks and require extensive technical knowledge to run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.<ref>https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/8330-app-compatibility-with-grapheneos</ref><ref>https://github.com/chiteroman/PlayIntegrityFix</ref>

Most companies<ref>https://cybernews.com/news/facebook-spying-snapchat-youtube-amazon-installing-kits/</ref> (and likely most governments)<ref>https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-pokemon-go-spying-conspiracy</ref> would love for this to happen in more countries across the globe because forced app download allows for:

#'''Identification and tracking of users''' - not just on an account level and payments, but through deep device identifiers, location, and network connection
#'''Push of the cashless agenda''' - digital-only payments typically go hand-in-hand with app-only experiences
#'''Increased digital integration''' - endless possibilities of integrating and sharing data with payment processors, ad providers,
#'''Increased centralization and dependency on big companies''' - putting more power in the hands of big tech (Apple and Google) with mandatory official app store downloads and big payments (Visa and MasterCard) with forced digital payments

==Characteristics==
Forced app download involves:

#'''Forcing download and use of app to interact with a business''' - Basic tasks like ordering, making payments, changing settings.
#'''Deliberately crippling or removing functionality from the web experience''' - Prevent users from having an alternative interface to perform basic tasks.
#'''Forcing users to always be on the latest version of an app''' - "For your security" (as they usually claim), most of these apps will constantly check for the latest version and self-disable if they are older than X versions (varies by company)
#'''Mandatory use of account''' - For most of these apps to work, you must have an account for features to work. For example, with the Luckin Coffee app, you must create an account tied to your phone number. You cannot order as a guest

==Key implications==

===User tracking and intrusion of privacy===
The hallmarks of forced app download are mandatory account creation and usage, and digital payments. This allows tracking of the user not just by the company behind the app, but the payment provider and any other associated third-party partners.

===Mandatory use of "approved devices" and big-tech operating systems===
Most apps are only available for download on official from official app stores, meaning consumers must use a device running stock iOS or Android, or else jump through hoops to run them<ref>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Android#Run_Android_apps_on_Arch_Linux</ref><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/18003462</ref>.

Devices must also be running stock operating systems since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks<ref>https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity/setup#default</ref> and will not run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.

Some companies such as big banks in Singapore have also started incorporating checks for "unverified apps" in their app. This means their app will scan your phone and check for sideloaded apps (anywhere that is not the official app store. For example, an app downloaded directly from APK Mirror or an unofficial app repository like F-Droid) as part of "anti-scam security measures that include restricting customers from accessing the banks’ digital services on their mobile phones if apps from unverified app stores – also known as sideloaded apps – are detected"<ref>https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/dbs-uob-anti-scam-sideloaded-app-malware-measure-latest-bank-restrict-app-access-3796806</ref>

===[[Surge pricing]]===
So far, the implementation of surge pricing in the context of businesses that use forced app download has not yet been seen. However, trust that the enterprising individuals and ecommerce platform providers (especially "modern headless ecommerce" companies<ref>https://www.forrester.com/blogs/doing-selling-and-being-headless-commerce/</ref>) looking to maximize clean out of consumers' wallets will quickly develop and deploy surge pricing once businesses with forced app download gain sufficient footing both in their respective industries and in general market penetration.

Since ordering and payments are entirely digital, it is very possible to see surge pricing (similar to what we've seen from ride hailing companies like Uber, Lyft and Grab) implemented across other industries.

For example, a restaurant that is popular enough could implement surge pricing to charge more during peak hours, like weekday lunch time to hit the downtime office crowd that is lacking in time and places to eat, or Friday night when many people are looking to go out.

===Third-party integration===
Just like how some car insurance providers in the US are adjusting their rates based on "smart" reporting from cars, it is also very possible for other intrusive and oppressive pair ups to happen. For example:

*Restaurants, cafes and bars with forced app download sharing data with health insurance companies, who increase your premium if they see a lifestyle/pattern of ordering unhealthy dishes or overly large portions, or frequenting that bubble tea shop too often.
*Government tax agency charging you "excess carbon footprint" taxes because you often order a lot of clothes beyond the number that the "Average" person of your profile wears, based on what your favorite fast fashion retailer with forced app download is sharing with them.
[[File:Digital turbine logo .png|alt=digital turbine logo |thumb|digital turbine logo ]]
[[File:No unverified apps.png|thumb|Singapore banks will "restrict access if unverified apps AKA sideloaded apps are found on customers' phones" (News story from Sep 2023)]]

==Examples==
'''Mobile Carriers and App marketplaces'''

Companies like [[digital turbine]] auction<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/dt-fairbid</ref> off placement in carriers automatic download lists and recommended app's placement in first and third party app stores<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/telecom</ref>

Digital turbine sells forced app downloads from app developers like: [[zynga]], miniclip games, [[King Digital Entertainment|'''King''' Digital Entertainment]] and [[Uber EULA precludes jury trial|Uber]], placement in forced download lists to carries like: [[Verizon]], [[At&T]], [[Cricket wireless]], us cellular, tracfone and T-mobile. <ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/</ref>

===Banking and finance===
All banks in Singapore (Citi, DBS, UOB, OCBC, Standard Chartered, CIMB) mandate use of their apps for consumers to perform any online banking activities, including logging in via their web browser.
[[File:Forced app download.png|thumb|Luckin Coffee, a China-origin Starbucks competitor, forces you to download their app to order and pay for coffee. You cannot order coffee at the cashier in their store, let alone pay. You must use the app to interact with this business and digital payments to pay.]]
The apps generate notifications that require users to approve/deny actions like logging in via a web browser, initiating a payment, adding a payee, etc via the app itself. Some banks previously offered sending an OTP via SMS (text) as an alternative to app-based approval but this has since been discontinued for "security reasons".

'''Insurance'''

Auto insurance companies like [[Progressive]], require non plan holders effected by automotive incidents their policyholders claim to submit photos and video evidence of damages exclusively through their mobile app.<ref name=":0">https://www.progressive.com/claims/auto-process/</ref> Affected non policy holders can't complete the entire claim process through their website even though you can start the process online from any device and web browser. <ref name=":0" />

===Utilities and public services===
SP Group is Singapore's primary and default electricity provider, as well as the country's only provider for gas and water for consumers. In 2022, SP Group removed the ability to manage payments from their website, forcing users to download and use their mobile app to pay bills/manage recurring payments<ref>https://www.spdigital.sg/spapp/bill-payment</ref>.

As they are the country's only provider for gas and water, everyone in Singapore MUST download their app at some point.

===Home appliances and hardware===
Speaker and sound hardware company [[Sonos]] has been a big practitioner of forced app download since at least 2017<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/advanced-setups-229000/make-sonos-work-without-internet-6795315</ref>. Sonos makes it extremely difficult and annoying, if not impossible for their customers to use their purchased hardware without an app and/or internet connection.

Even though it is possible to use Sonos speakers without an app, initial setup has required the download and use of Sonos' app since at least May 2022.

"Yes you can (use the Sonos Roam speaker without an app). However, you will need to set it up for the first time using the app." (May 2022)<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/portable-speakers-229130/can-i-use-a-roam-without-the-app-6869207</ref>

In addition, not all Sonos products support use without an app (April 2023)<ref>https://soundscapehq.com/how-to-use-sonos-without-app/</ref> and even if they do, sans-app usability is only limited to one speaker.

"You can use speakers without an app, but it only applies to a single speaker. If you want to play audio across multiple speakers, you will have to use the app and there is no other workaround to this." (Dec 2021)<ref>https://earrockers.com/can-you-use-sonos-speakers-without-the-app/</ref>

===Retail and ecommerce===
Ecommerce giant [[Shopee]] which has a stronghold in online retail in South East Asia and Latin America has integrated a soft forced app download to their customer experience.

While it is still possible to browse, shop and checkout on a web browser, coupons usable on the web experience (regardless if mobile or desktop device) are limited to "Shipping Discount" coupons only. All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

When a customer attempts to check out on a web browser, Shopee shows that Discount & Cashback coupons are not usable because "Current device does not meet voucher T&C". On closer inspection of the terms and conditions of those coupons, Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android". What they are referring to is you must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons. As pictured, the coupons are still not available on iOS and Android devices if the customer is using their web browser. They MUST download the Shopee app.
[[File:Shopee restricts coupon usage to app only.png|thumb|LEFT: Shopee limits customers to using "Shipping Discount" coupons only if checking out on a web browser (desktop and mobile).

MIDDLE: All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

RIGHT: Closer inspection of the terms and conditions where Shopee specifies a device requirement for using many of their coupons.

When Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android", they mean customers must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons.

Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons in question remain disabled in this scenario.]]
[[File:Shopee coupon still unusable on mobile web.jpg|thumb|Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons with the device requirement remain disabled. What Shopee means by "Device: iOS, Android" in their coupons' terms and conditions is that customers MUST download and use the Shopee app for those coupons to be usable.]]

===Food and beverage===
An increasing number of 'digital-native' food businesses that are app-only are making their way onto the market. For example, Luckin Coffee, a Starbucks competitor of China origin with stores in Singapore and planned expansion into Malaysia and the US in 2025<ref>https://www.worldcoffeeportal.com/Latest/News/2024/October/China-s-Luckin-Coffee-reportedly-planning-US-launc</ref>, only allows ordering of beverages and payments via its app. The way it works is you download the app, register an account, log in, order a coffee and pay for it, then pick it up at a Luckin Coffee location. "With Luckin, you do not order coffee over the counter like in regular Western coffee shops. Instead, you do everything online. I ordered my drinks here without even needing to talk to the Barista!"<ref>https://www.clearlycoffee.com/review-signature-luckin-coffee-drinks-photos-creamy-dreamy-big-cheesy-coconut-latte/</ref>

With a food-and-beverage business that is fully committed to forced app download like Luckin Coffee, there is no way to order nor pay at the physical store. You must download and use the app to interact with the business.

Forced app download represents the next stage of evolution from QR code based ordering. The key differences are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Characteristic
!Forced app download
!QR-code based
|-
|Interface
|App downloaded from official app store
|Page opened in your choice of web browser
|-
|Ordering
|Order MUST be placed via app
|QR is pushed but usually possible to order offline (in real life)
|-
|Login
|You MUST create an account and log in to place an order
|Not required, often no registration is possible
|-
|Payments
|Cashless digital payment only
Payment MUST be made via app
|Depending on website, sometimes order online, pay offline
Depending on business, cash payments are usually possible
|}

==References==

[[Category:Common terms]]
<references />

Forced app download

2025-01-24T23:42:10Z

ADRdaniel: /* Examples */ added examples of auto insurance forced app dl and credible evidence of mobile carriers auctioning forced app downloads through carriers to app developers and advertisers.

{{incomplete}}
'''Forced app download''' is a practice by businesses and government entities, where users are forced to download an app to their phones to perform basic tasks that could have otherwise been done on a standard web browser<ref>[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9380491 D. Tian, Y. Ma, A. Balasubramanian, Y. Liu, G. Huang and X. Liu, "Characterizing Embedded Web Browsing in Mobile Apps," in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 3912-3925, 1 Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMC.2021.3065945.]</ref> (e.g., adding a credit card for payments) or in real life (e.g., ordering a coffee).

Forced app download is becoming increasingly popular in many countries pushing digitization. A prime example is Singapore whose government is all-in on digital everything, where it is impossible for anyone to have a bank account without using the bank's app, and everyone must have a device that runs stock iOS or Android in order to download various government and business apps from their respective official app stores. Devices must also be running stock operating systems, since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks and require extensive technical knowledge to run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.<ref>https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/8330-app-compatibility-with-grapheneos</ref><ref>https://github.com/chiteroman/PlayIntegrityFix</ref>

Most companies<ref>https://cybernews.com/news/facebook-spying-snapchat-youtube-amazon-installing-kits/</ref> (and likely most governments)<ref>https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-pokemon-go-spying-conspiracy</ref> would love for this to happen in more countries across the globe because forced app download allows for:

#'''Identification and tracking of users''' - not just on an account level and payments, but through deep device identifiers, location, and network connection
#'''Push of the cashless agenda''' - digital-only payments typically go hand-in-hand with app-only experiences
#'''Increased digital integration''' - endless possibilities of integrating and sharing data with payment processors, ad providers,
#'''Increased centralization and dependency on big companies''' - putting more power in the hands of big tech (Apple and Google) with mandatory official app store downloads and big payments (Visa and MasterCard) with forced digital payments

==Characteristics==
Forced app download involves:

#'''Forcing download and use of app to interact with a business''' - Basic tasks like ordering, making payments, changing settings.
#'''Deliberately crippling or removing functionality from the web experience''' - Prevent users from having an alternative interface to perform basic tasks.
#'''Forcing users to always be on the latest version of an app''' - "For your security" (as they usually claim), most of these apps will constantly check for the latest version and self-disable if they are older than X versions (varies by company)
#'''Mandatory use of account''' - For most of these apps to work, you must have an account for features to work. For example, with the Luckin Coffee app, you must create an account tied to your phone number. You cannot order as a guest

==Key implications==

===User tracking and intrusion of privacy===
The hallmarks of forced app download are mandatory account creation and usage, and digital payments. This allows tracking of the user not just by the company behind the app, but the payment provider and any other associated third-party partners.

===Mandatory use of "approved devices" and big-tech operating systems===
Most apps are only available for download on official from official app stores, meaning consumers must use a device running stock iOS or Android, or else jump through hoops to run them<ref>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Android#Run_Android_apps_on_Arch_Linux</ref><ref>https://stackoverflow.com/a/18003462</ref>.

Devices must also be running stock operating systems since most government and business apps conduct intrusive checks<ref>https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity/setup#default</ref> and will not run if a device is jailbroken or rooted.

Some companies such as big banks in Singapore have also started incorporating checks for "unverified apps" in their app. This means their app will scan your phone and check for sideloaded apps (anywhere that is not the official app store. For example, an app downloaded directly from APK Mirror or an unofficial app repository like F-Droid) as part of "anti-scam security measures that include restricting customers from accessing the banks’ digital services on their mobile phones if apps from unverified app stores – also known as sideloaded apps – are detected"<ref>https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/dbs-uob-anti-scam-sideloaded-app-malware-measure-latest-bank-restrict-app-access-3796806</ref>

===Surge pricing===
So far, the implementation of surge pricing in the context of businesses that use forced app download has not yet been seen. However, trust that the enterprising individuals and ecommerce platform providers (especially "modern headless ecommerce" companies<ref>https://www.forrester.com/blogs/doing-selling-and-being-headless-commerce/</ref>) looking to maximize clean out of consumers' wallets will quickly develop and deploy surge pricing once businesses with forced app download gain sufficient footing both in their respective industries and in general market penetration.

Since ordering and payments are entirely digital, it is very possible to see surge pricing (similar to what we've seen from ride hailing companies like Uber, Lyft and Grab) implemented across other industries.

For example, a restaurant that is popular enough could implement surge pricing to charge more during peak hours, like weekday lunch time to hit the downtime office crowd that is lacking in time and places to eat, or Friday night when many people are looking to go out.

===Third-party integration===
Just like how some car insurance providers in the US are adjusting their rates based on "smart" reporting from cars, it is also very possible for other intrusive and oppressive pair ups to happen. For example:

*Restaurants, cafes and bars with forced app download sharing data with health insurance companies, who increase your premium if they see a lifestyle/pattern of ordering unhealthy dishes or overly large portions, or frequenting that bubble tea shop too often.
*Government tax agency charging you "excess carbon footprint" taxes because you often order a lot of clothes beyond the number that the "Average" person of your profile wears, based on what your favorite fast fashion retailer with forced app download is sharing with them.
[[File:Digital turbine logo .png|alt=digital turbine logo |thumb|digital turbine logo ]]
[[File:No unverified apps.png|thumb|Singapore banks will "restrict access if unverified apps AKA sideloaded apps are found on customers' phones" (News story from Sep 2023)]]

==Examples==
'''Mobile Carriers and App marketplaces'''

Companies like [[digital turbine]] auction<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/dt-fairbid</ref> off placement in carriers automatic download lists and recommended app's placement in first and third party app stores<ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/telecom</ref>

Digital turbine sells forced app downloads from app developers like: [[zynga]], miniclip games, [[King Digital Entertainment|'''King''' Digital Entertainment]] and [[Uber EULA precludes jury trial|Uber]], placement in forced download lists to carries like: [[Verizon]], [[At&T]], [[Cricket wireless]], us cellular, tracfone and T-mobile. <ref>https://www.digitalturbine.com/</ref>

===Banking and finance===
All banks in Singapore (Citi, DBS, UOB, OCBC, Standard Chartered, CIMB) mandate use of their apps for consumers to perform any online banking activities, including logging in via their web browser.
[[File:Forced app download.png|thumb|Luckin Coffee, a China-origin Starbucks competitor, forces you to download their app to order and pay for coffee. You cannot order coffee at the cashier in their store, let alone pay. You must use the app to interact with this business and digital payments to pay.]]
The apps generate notifications that require users to approve/deny actions like logging in via a web browser, initiating a payment, adding a payee, etc via the app itself. Some banks previously offered sending an OTP via SMS (text) as an alternative to app-based approval but this has since been discontinued for "security reasons".

'''Insurance'''

Auto insurance companies like [[Progressive]], require non plan holders effected by automotive incidents their policyholders claim to submit photos and video evidence of damages exclusively through their mobile app.<ref name=":0">https://www.progressive.com/claims/auto-process/</ref> Affected non policy holders can't complete the entire claim process through their website even though you can start the process online from any device and web browser. <ref name=":0" />

===Utilities and public services===
SP Group is Singapore's primary and default electricity provider, as well as the country's only provider for gas and water for consumers. In 2022, SP Group removed the ability to manage payments from their website, forcing users to download and use their mobile app to pay bills/manage recurring payments<ref>https://www.spdigital.sg/spapp/bill-payment</ref>.

As they are the country's only provider for gas and water, everyone in Singapore MUST download their app at some point.

===Home appliances and hardware===
Speaker and sound hardware company [[Sonos]] has been a big practitioner of forced app download since at least 2017<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/advanced-setups-229000/make-sonos-work-without-internet-6795315</ref>. Sonos makes it extremely difficult and annoying, if not impossible for their customers to use their purchased hardware without an app and/or internet connection.

Even though it is possible to use Sonos speakers without an app, initial setup has required the download and use of Sonos' app since at least May 2022.

"Yes you can (use the Sonos Roam speaker without an app). However, you will need to set it up for the first time using the app." (May 2022)<ref>https://en.community.sonos.com/portable-speakers-229130/can-i-use-a-roam-without-the-app-6869207</ref>

In addition, not all Sonos products support use without an app (April 2023)<ref>https://soundscapehq.com/how-to-use-sonos-without-app/</ref> and even if they do, sans-app usability is only limited to one speaker.

"You can use speakers without an app, but it only applies to a single speaker. If you want to play audio across multiple speakers, you will have to use the app and there is no other workaround to this." (Dec 2021)<ref>https://earrockers.com/can-you-use-sonos-speakers-without-the-app/</ref>

===Retail and ecommerce===
Ecommerce giant [[Shopee]] which has a stronghold in online retail in South East Asia and Latin America has integrated a soft forced app download to their customer experience.

While it is still possible to browse, shop and checkout on a web browser, coupons usable on the web experience (regardless if mobile or desktop device) are limited to "Shipping Discount" coupons only. All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

When a customer attempts to check out on a web browser, Shopee shows that Discount & Cashback coupons are not usable because "Current device does not meet voucher T&C". On closer inspection of the terms and conditions of those coupons, Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android". What they are referring to is you must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons. As pictured, the coupons are still not available on iOS and Android devices if the customer is using their web browser. They MUST download the Shopee app.
[[File:Shopee restricts coupon usage to app only.png|thumb|LEFT: Shopee limits customers to using "Shipping Discount" coupons only if checking out on a web browser (desktop and mobile).

MIDDLE: All other shopping coupons "Discount & Cashback" are only usable with Shopee's apps on iOS and Android.

RIGHT: Closer inspection of the terms and conditions where Shopee specifies a device requirement for using many of their coupons.

When Shopee specifies "Device: iOS, Android", they mean customers must download and use their mobile apps for those operating systems in order to use most of their coupons.

Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons in question remain disabled in this scenario.]]
[[File:Shopee coupon still unusable on mobile web.jpg|thumb|Using a web browser on iOS and Android does not count and coupons with the device requirement remain disabled. What Shopee means by "Device: iOS, Android" in their coupons' terms and conditions is that customers MUST download and use the Shopee app for those coupons to be usable.]]

===Food and beverage===
An increasing number of 'digital-native' food businesses that are app-only are making their way onto the market. For example, Luckin Coffee, a Starbucks competitor of China origin with stores in Singapore and planned expansion into Malaysia and the US in 2025<ref>https://www.worldcoffeeportal.com/Latest/News/2024/October/China-s-Luckin-Coffee-reportedly-planning-US-launc</ref>, only allows ordering of beverages and payments via its app. The way it works is you download the app, register an account, log in, order a coffee and pay for it, then pick it up at a Luckin Coffee location. "With Luckin, you do not order coffee over the counter like in regular Western coffee shops. Instead, you do everything online. I ordered my drinks here without even needing to talk to the Barista!"<ref>https://www.clearlycoffee.com/review-signature-luckin-coffee-drinks-photos-creamy-dreamy-big-cheesy-coconut-latte/</ref>

With a food-and-beverage business that is fully committed to forced app download like Luckin Coffee, there is no way to order nor pay at the physical store. You must download and use the app to interact with the business.

Forced app download represents the next stage of evolution from QR code based ordering. The key differences are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Characteristic
!Forced app download
!QR-code based
|-
|Interface
|App downloaded from official app store
|Page opened in your choice of web browser
|-
|Ordering
|Order MUST be placed via app
|QR is pushed but usually possible to order offline (in real life)
|-
|Login
|You MUST create an account and log in to place an order
|Not required, often no registration is possible
|-
|Payments
|Cashless digital payment only
Payment MUST be made via app
|Depending on website, sometimes order online, pay offline
Depending on business, cash payments are usually possible
|}

==References==

[[Category:Common terms]]
<references />

File:Digital Turbine logo.png

2025-01-24T23:31:36Z

ADRdaniel:

digital turbine logo

Security

2025-01-24T23:12:17Z

ADRdaniel: /* How security relates to consumer rights */ added annotations citation need

'''Security''' is an engineering principal whereby the risk of an unauthorized malicious agent gaining control of a product, its information, or its environment is minimized. Security of programs and physical products is critical to consumer protection.

==Security vulnerabilities==
A security vulnerability is any function of a product that allows an unauthorized agent is able to gain some level of control over the product, its information, or the product's environment. Vulnerability severity can range depending on how much access an unauthorized agent is granted. To further understand vulnerabilities it is useful to list some real examples:

#The apache log4j exploit<ref>[https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/log4j "What is the Log4j vulnerability?"] - ibm.com - accessed 1/22/2025</ref> where a malicious user could remotely execute code (known as an [[RCE attack|RCE Attack]]) by feeding the logger malicious data which causes it to download and execute malicious code. This vulnerability could compromise the security of nearly any system running applications with older versions of log4j. The impact of the log4j exploit could have been massive due to its status as a Java library, meaning that many programs use it solely for the purpose of logging information causing log4j to have massive reach.
#The NoFly.csv leak where the majority if not the entirety of the US No Fly list was exposed on an unsecured server.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/no-fly-list-us-tsa-unprotected-server-commuteair/ "EXCLUSIVE: U.S. airline accidentally exposes ‘No Fly List’ on unsecured server"] - dailydot.com - accessed 1/22/2025</ref> Similar data leaks have and can occur containing more sensitive user information: emails, passwords, real names, SSNs, etc.

Security vulnerabilities primarily show up in software products but they can also exist in real life. Home security often depends upon locks which are themselves physical security implementations that prevent intruders from entering but this does not stop someone from just smashing the window: a physical security vulnerability

==How security relates to consumer rights==
Security is both a blessing and a curse towards control over the things consumers own. Being forced to login to a laptop to use it is a sensible decision, being forced to connect your treadmill to the internet and gain authorization just to run on it (as seen [[Peloton Removes Just Run Feature|here]]) is not. Companies may use security as an excuse to reduce consumer control and so it is important to identify these misuses. If a company takes away consumer rights using security as an excuse consider that "the emperor may not have any clothes" and their security is not as strong as they portray it. {{Citation needed|reason=needs verifiability}}

===Poor security principals harm the consumer===
A large number of security incidents are caused because the producer of a product has a general misunderstanding of what security is and how to produce secure products. In addition a misunderstanding of the purpose of security can induce companies to take actions capable of harming consumer rights.

====Security through obscurity====
[[Security through obscurity|Obscuring]], or hiding, a product's information increases the time a person or organization would need to take to fully understand how a product works. While this will delay the discovery of security vulnerabilities{{Citation needed|reason=needs verifiability}} it can never stop them{{Citation needed|reason=Who?}}, in addition obscuring product information prevents maintenance of products by the consumer, violating their [[Right to Repair|right to repair]]. {{Citation needed|reason=needs verifiability}}

====Security through authorization====
Authorization is the process of confirming that a user is who they say they are. Authorization processes are extremely important to the functioning of the internet but risk becoming a security vulnerability and threat to consumer rights if used improperly. Authorization features can be used by companies to lock out features when the user's subscription expires, in this case the purpose of authorization is lost because the user need not confirm who they are, just that they have a valid subscription. These sorts of lock-outs are significant in that the product's physical features still work but the company is intentionally preventing the user from accessing them because their internet-based subscription has ended.

Authorization for the sake of company product control harms the consumer's [[right to own]] their purchase and also can introduce new attack vectors for malicious actors. Attack vectors may be introduced within the product itself: malicious actors can't remotely hack a fridge without an internet connection but they might be able to hack a smart fridge that has the user login via the internet. Attack vectors may be introduced on the user's information as the company now needs to store authorization information (password hashes, usernames, emails, god forbid in clear text) and may do so insecurely opening themselves to attack.

===How to avoid losing rights in the name of "security"===

#Avoid using physical and software products that needlessly require connection to the internet. Your fridge does not need to be "smart". Choosing to use a smart appliance opens the door for companies to take away your rights as well as open you to security vulnerabilities.
#Avoid using physical products that require a proprietary app to use. While the product itself may not connect directly to the internet, your internet device now serves as a bridge to it. This opens the door for companies to take away your rights via the app. In addition the app itself may have security vulnerabilities of its own.
#Avoid using physical products that need a subscription to use, a normal treadmill won't brick itself if the company goes out of business, or decides to [[Peloton Removes Just Run Feature|eliminate a subscription free feature]] in the name of safety or security.
#Avoid using closed-source products if equivalent open-source products exist. Open source products are not necessarily more secure, but they are far less likely to violate a consumer's rights simply because the consumer has the ability to change the product as they wish.

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Common terms]]
[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]

Happiest Baby

2025-01-24T23:07:30Z

ADRdaniel: added logo image

[[File:Happiest baby logo.png|alt=happiest baby logo|thumb|happiest baby logo]]
'''Happiest Baby''' is a smart-technology company based in Los Angeles, CA, founded in 2001 by Dr. Harvey Karp and Nina Montée-Karp. Its stated mission is to use technology to "[help] parents… [raise] happy, healthy children".<ref>https://www.happiestbaby.com/pages/our-mission</ref>

'''Notable Product''':

*Released the '''SNOO Smart Baby Sleeper''' in 2016.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Controversy
!Year
!Background Info
!Aftermath
!Related Article
!Related Video(s)
|-
|Features "Paywalled"
|2025
|The SNOO Smart Baby Sleeper is a product with a price tag of 1695.00 USD. The purchasing page was not updated to have a "subscription plan" until June 11, 2024. The wording was changed on July 15, 2024 to add a limit to the free premium subscription of nine months.
|Unknown
|
|
|}
<references />

File:Happiest baby logo.png

2025-01-24T23:06:49Z

ADRdaniel:

happiest baby logo

EVGA

2025-01-24T22:59:10Z

ADRdaniel: /* Controversies */ added hardware warranty sticker to controversies

{{StubNotice}}
{{InfoboxCompany
| Company = EVGA Corporation
| Name = EVGA
| Type = Private
| Founded = 1999
| Industry = Computer Hardware
| Official Website = https://evga.com/
| Logo = EVGA_Logo.svg.png
}}[[wikipedia:EVGA_Corporation|'''EVGA Corporation''']] is an American computer hardware company that produces motherboards, gaming laptops, power supplies, all-in-one liquid coolers, computer cases, and gaming mice. It was founded on April 13, 1999, and is headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan. <ref>https://www.evga.com/about/</ref>

==Controversies==

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Controversy
!Year
!Background Info
!Aftermath
!Related Article
!Related Video(s)
|-
|Warranty void if removed stickers
|2015-present
|[https://www.ifixit.com/News/74736/warranty-void-stickers-are-illegal-in-the-us-what-about-elsewhere Article] [[Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act|Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1975]].
|[https://www.evga.com/support/faq/FAQdetails.aspx?faqid=57720 evga's offical stament]
| -
| -
|-
|}

==General References:==
<references />

[[Category:Computer hardware companies]]
[[Category:Electronics companies]]
[[Category:Graphics hardware companies]]
[[Category:Motherboard companies]]
[[Category:Computer power supply unit manufacturers]]
[[Category:EVGA]]

Deep Cycle Systems

2025-01-24T22:58:24Z

ADRdaniel: added annotations for citations needed

{{StubNotice}}

{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = Deep Cycle Systems
| Type = Private
| Founded = 2015, Tamborine Mountain, Australia
| Industry = Lithium Batteries
| Official Website = https://deepcyclesystems.com.au
| Logo = DeepCycleSystems.png
}}

:''This article is about the battery manufacturer. For other uses, see [[DCS (disambiguation)]].''

'''Deep Cycle Systems''' '''(DCS)''', founded in 2015, is an Australian company that specializes in the design and manufacture of lithium batteries and energy storage solutions.

==Claims==
DCS claims to manufacture long-life lithium batteries for extreme climates. They advertise them for use in solar systems and hybrid vehicles, including marines ones such as boats.{{Citation needed}}


==Lawsuit==
On August 16, 2023, Australian YouTuber [https://www.youtube.com/@AlloffroadAu AlloffroadAu] uploaded a [https://youtu.be/vRcSPuBob-I review] on DCS' [https://www.deepcyclesystems.com.au/product/dcs-12v-50ah-lithium/ 12v 50ah LiFePo4 lithium battery], mentioning the short longevity and substantial decline in performance after preforming a capacity test. They also made a [https://youtu.be/vRcSPuBob-I followup video regarding DCS' questionable history]. Both videos were privated at first because of legal threats from DCS. {{Citation needed}}


AlloffroadAu reports that 30–50% of the capacity is lost in the first several years. {{Citation needed}}They also point out that DCS states that battery capacity will be significantly reduced after traveling a certain distance, but that they also don't mention this in their warranty policy.


===Hidden warranty policy update===
DCS' warranty policy claims that:{{Citation needed}}

*For 'normal installations', batteries that fail to deliver 80% of its rated capacity are covered.
*For installations in engine bays/compartments, batteries that fail to deliver 70% of its rated capacity are covered.
*This policy was last updated June 14, 2021.


This has been the case since November 7, 2023 according to [https://trove.nla.gov.au/ Trove], a web archiving service ran by the [[wikipedia:National_Library_of_Australia|National Library of Australia]]. However, Trove shows that on March 9, 2023, the exception for installations in engine bays/compartments didn't exist, contradicting DCS's statement that their policy was last updated in 2021.{{Citation needed}} 

The lack of the second criterion means that owners of a DCS battery purchased before March 9 2023 that:
*Was installed in an engine bay/compartment.
*Fell below 80% of its rated capacity.
*Remained above 70% of it.

would be eligible for warranty coverage, but would have no way of knowing because of the changes to DCS' public warranty policy.

The Trove archives can be found here:

*[https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20231107111343/https://www.deepcyclesystems.com.au/shipping-return-policy/ DCS Warranty Policy on November 7 2023]
*[https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20230309064156/https://www.deepcyclesystems.com.au/shipping-return-policy/ DCS Warranty Policy on March 9 2023]

========
====Alleged removal of Wayback Machine archives====
[https://web.archive.org/ Internet Archive's Wayback Machine] has archives of this policy page, but they are all dated in 2024. This is suspicious when considering:
*DCS falsely claims that their policy was last updated in 2021, when Trove's archives show it was actually updated in 2023, both years not being covered by the Wayback Machine.
*Louis Rossmann claims that consumers of DCS batteries have reached out to him, claiming that they were no longer able to access many older archives of the policy page when they contacted DCS asking when their policy was updated.


This would suggest that DCS was behind the removal of archives before 2024.
[[Category:Articles under development]]
[[Category:Battery manufacturers]]

<references />

California Privacy Rights Act

2025-01-24T22:57:28Z

ADRdaniel: page created to fix broken direct from another article

Stub page:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Privacy_Rights_Act

"The '''California Privacy Rights Act of 2020''' ('''CPRA'''), also known as '''Proposition 24''', is a California ballot proposition that was approved by a majority of voters after appearing on the ballot for the general election on November 3, 2020. This proposition expands California's consumer privacy law and builds upon the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) of 2018, which established a foundation for consumer privacy regulations."

"The California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (CCPA) gives consumers more control over the personal information that businesses collect about them and the CCPA regulations provide guidance on how to implement the law. This landmark law secures new privacy rights for California consumers, including:

* The right to know about the personal information a business collects about them and how it is used and shared;
* The right to delete personal information collected from them (with some exceptions);
* The right to opt-out of the sale or sharing of their personal information; and
* The right to non-discrimination for exercising their CCPA rights."<ref>https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa</ref>
<references />

Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act

2025-01-24T22:41:02Z

ADRdaniel: /* History of Enforcement */ de italicized quotation in accordance with guidelines

[[Category:Legislation]]
TODO: Would like someone to look over [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/chapter-50 the law's text]and give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from [[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act|Wikipedia]].

==Summary==
The [[Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act|Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1975]] is a federal law enacted in the United States. The law sets some of the rules that manufacturers must follow when giving warranties, if they choose to provide one. Some of the rules are ('''may not be legally valid; consult legal experts for specifics'''):

*Warranties must be specified in clear language.
*It is prohibited to require only "branded parts" as a requirement for a warranty.
*There are additional requirements imposed upon manufacturers if they choose to advertise a "full warranty."
*prevents manufactures from using misleading or unfair disclaimers to circumvent their warranty obligations.
**one example of such disclaimers is "warranty void if removed stickers" <ref>https://www.ifixit.com/News/74736/warranty-void-stickers-are-illegal-in-the-us-what-about-elsewhere</ref>

In cases of violation, consumers are encouraged to negotiate with warrantors under arbitration. Additionally, the federal government and consumers are able to file civil suits in the courts.

==History of Enforcement==
The act is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.

Toyota held labile for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":0">https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html</ref>

"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":0" />

<references />

Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act

2025-01-24T22:33:32Z

ADRdaniel: /* History of Enforcement */

[[Category:Legislation]]
TODO: Would like someone to look over [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/chapter-50 the law's text]and give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from [[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act|Wikipedia]].

==Summary==
The [[Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act|Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1975]] is a federal law enacted in the United States. The law sets some of the rules that manufacturers must follow when giving warranties, if they choose to provide one. Some of the rules are ('''may not be legally valid; consult legal experts for specifics'''):

*Warranties must be specified in clear language.
*It is prohibited to require only "branded parts" as a requirement for a warranty.
*There are additional requirements imposed upon manufacturers if they choose to advertise a "full warranty."
*prevents manufactures from using misleading or unfair disclaimers to circumvent their warranty obligations.
**one example of such disclaimers is "warranty void if removed stickers" <ref>https://www.ifixit.com/News/74736/warranty-void-stickers-are-illegal-in-the-us-what-about-elsewhere</ref>

In cases of violation, consumers are encouraged to negotiate with warrantors under arbitration. Additionally, the federal government and consumers are able to file civil suits in the courts.

==History of Enforcement==
The act is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.

Toyota held labile for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":0">https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html</ref>

"''Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant'' (toyota) ''dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness.'' " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":0" />

<references />

Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act

2025-01-24T22:26:31Z

ADRdaniel: minor expansion

User:Louis

2025-01-17T08:17:55Z

ADRdaniel: memes

kind of a cool dude if you ask me lol

Samsung

2025-01-17T08:15:29Z

ADRdaniel: /* References */ major expansion tone adjustment and many credible citations, and specific examples added.

{{ToneWarning}}

'''Samsung Group''' is a Multinational Conglomerate founded in 1938. Their product portfolio ranges from consumer electronics to heavy equipment. The company is best known to consumers for their electronics such as Televisions, and Mobile Phones, as well as their home appliances such as Refrigerators, and Washing Machines.

{{InfoboxCompany
| Name = Samsung
| Founded = 1938
| Industry = Conglomerate
| Official Website = https://www.samsung.com/
| Logo = Samsung Black icon.png
}}

== Consumer Protection Profile ==

==== Repairability ====
'''Status:''' Concerns

Concerns have been raised over Samsung's business practices towards serviceability that trade organizations like '''iFixit''', '''Repair.org'''<ref name=":0">https://www.ifixit.com/News/96162/were-ending-our-samsung-collaboration#:~:text=It's%20with%20a%20heavy%20wrench,party%20parts%20and%20tools%20distributor. </ref> and repair industry professionals Like Jesse Cruz the owner of '''VCC Board Repairs''' <ref>https://www.youtube.com/@VCCBoardRepairs</ref> Fromer Samsung Indepent Genuine Service Program technicians, like ADRDaniel owner of '''Advanced'''

'''Device Repai'''r<ref name=":1">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ITmGXHSmL0&t=53s<nowiki/>- Louis reads samsung Authorized independent service technicians complaint about samsung in an email from ADRdaniel</ref> <ref name=":2">https://www.youtube.com/@ADRdaniel</ref> have described of as Anti-consumer<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />, and Anti-competitive.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

'''Category:''' Smartphones

* The majority of Samsung Phones have components glued in place, making disassembly, and reassembly difficult.<ref>https://www.ifixit.com/News/44164/what-you-should-know-before-you-fix-samsung-phones</ref><ref>https://www.theregister.com/2021/03/12/ifixit_samsung_galaxy_s21_ultra/</ref>
* Samsung has imposed strict conditions on Authorized repair vendors, such as requiring technicians to fully dismantle devices<ref>https://www.404media.co/samsung-requires-independent-repair-shops-to-share-customer-data-snitch-on-people-who-use-aftermarket-parts-leaked-contract-shows/</ref>, and submit handwritten letters if they encounter non-genuine parts during repairs.<ref>https://www.theverge.com/samsung/2024/5/23/24163372/samsung-repair-snitch-aftermarket-parts</ref>https://www.404media.co/content/images/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-23-at-9.13.41-AM.png - a portion of Samsung's genuine parts authorized service provider contract or Independent Service Provider Network (for smartphone repair shops) which requires complete disassembly of any devices found to contain 3rd party parts. this means legally, authorized service providers are contractually required to not reinstall any 3rd party replacement part. this causes these business if they choose not to breach their contract to return customers property disassembled or require customers to pay to have a genuine samsung part installed independent of necessity. This practice causes the customers who have previously choose to purchase non-authorized repair parts and service unexpected and undue stress in convince and repair costs.
* Genuine self repair Smartphone displays available through Samsung's self service parts store<ref name=":3">https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a#</ref> are 2x times more expensive ( Samsung Genuine Part :$370.95<ref name=":3" /> Mobilesentrix: $182.02'''<ref name=":4">https://www.mobilesentrix.com/oled-assembly-without-frame-compatible-for-samsung-galaxy-s24-ultra-service-pack-all-colors</ref>''' ) than identical, new parts from third parties such as Mobilesentrix, who have '''allegedly''' purchased from Samsung's own manufacturing or service partners having 95% of the global market share of OLED display manufacturing <ref name=":4" /> <ref name=":5">https://www.ifixit.com/News/16303/samsung-iphone-x-oled-screens-too-expensive</ref> "These "service packs" from mobile sentrix are without a doubt new OEM samsung displays" according to a Fromer Samsung authorized technician<ref name=":2" /> ''"With no viable aftermarket parts and few refurbished screens to compete with, alongside control of the pricing and supply, Samsung has few reasons to make replacements affordable for phones it and its shareholders want people to keep buying new. "'' <ref name=":5" />
** Samsung's self service repair part selection for their flagship models (such as the galaxy s24 ultra for example) [[:File:No product photos.png|provide no photos]], detailed descriptions or distinction between tools<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33544a</ref> for these models services or parts<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh59-15734a</ref> for said model.
*** Samsungs genuine parts store lists exactly 100 sub models of Galaxy s24 using their alternate longer, 14 digit, and more confusing model numbers in their part compatibility charts these numbers specifying carrier, region, sub region & color distinctions which are in no way necessary or useful information to any buyer of self service parts. <ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a</ref> where as '''comprehensive''' list of all models (in the table below) from all regions lists only '''nine''' distinct models with their legible 7 digit part number: <ref>https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s24_ultra-12771.php</ref> for the display replacement in question the part is '''universal''' to all submodels. <ref name=":4" />
{| class="wikitable"
|SM-S928B, SM-S928B/DS, SM-S928U, SM-S928U1, SM-S928W, SM-S928N, SM-S9280, SM-S928E, SM-S928E/DS
|}
[[File:Alternate model numbers 2.png|center|frame|alternate model numbers in samsungparts.com self service parts store.<ref>https://samsungparts.com/products/gh82-33385a</ref>]]

'''Category:''' Home appliances

* according to ifixit Samsung repair documentation, schematic diagrams and service parts were cited their survey in collaboration with PIRG<ref>https://pirg.org/campaigns/right-to-repair/</ref>, and Repair.org<ref>https://www.repair.org/restricting-access</ref>, of professional repair technicians as "difficult to find service documentation" <ref name=":6">New article from ifixit

https://www.ifixit.com/News/71693/appliance-repair-pros-struggle-to-find-lg-and-samsung-documentation

The investigation by US PIRG, iFixit and Repair.org https://www.regulations.gov/comment/FTC-2022-0061-0033

Which is sourced from the below letter to the united states FTC

https://valkyrie.cdn.ifixit.com/media/2023/01/30193712/Repair-Coalition-Letter-for-FTC-Energy-Guide-Ruling-ANPR-R611004.pdf</ref>
* Repair manuals surveyed repair professionals where able to acquire from manufactures including samsung: "Even when they get access to those manuals, technicians sometimes don’t find the information they need. Repair manuals are often lacking fault codes and schematic diagrams needed to complete repairs." <ref name=":6" />

=== Examples of Anti-consumer practices ===
<ul>
<li> Opposition of pro-consumer legislation in the United States{{Citation needed}}</li>
<li> Retroactive implementation of forced arbitration clauses in a mid-cycle update to its OneUI 5 Android Software{{Citation needed}}, limiting users' legal power. </li>
<li> Imposition of strict conditions on "authorized" repair vendors<ref name=":1" />, such as requiring technicians to fully dismantle devices, and submit handwritten letters if they encounter non-genuine parts during repairs.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uNIcJhy8L44&t=87s</ref> Additionally, disallowing authorized repair vendors to assist customers with filing claims or conduct repairs for in-warranty hardware issues on customers Samsung smartphones<ref name=":1" />.</li>
</ul>
Other allegations include practices like having technicians deliberately scratch customers' TVs with tools to void warranties, and astroturfing online. 

== References ==

[[Category:Companies]]
[[Category:Samsung]]
[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]
<references />

File:Samsung no product photos.png

2025-01-17T07:52:52Z

ADRdaniel:

samsung self service part and tools listings have no product photos

File:Samsung alternate model numbers 2.png

2025-01-17T07:26:34Z

ADRdaniel:

Samsung uses alternate internal part numbers on self-service parts compatibly sheets.

File:Samsung alternate model numbers.png

2025-01-17T07:23:17Z

ADRdaniel:

Samsung alt model numbers