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|Description=
|Description=
|InProduction=Yes
|InProduction=Yes
|Logo=Gatekeeper logo.png
|Logo=Apple Gatekeeper logo.png
|ProductLine=
|ProductLine=
|ReleaseYear=2012
|ReleaseYear=2012
|Website=https://support.apple.com/guide/security/gatekeeper-and-runtime-protection-sec5599b66df/web
|Website=https://support.apple.com/guide/security/gatekeeper-and-runtime-protection-sec5599b66df/web
}}
}}
'''[[wikipedia:Gatekeeper_(macOS)|Gatekeeper]]''' is a security technology built into Apple's macOS operating system designed to ensure that only trusted software runs on a user's Mac computer. First introduced in Mac OS X Mountain Lion (10.8) in 2012, Gatekeeper checks applications downloaded from the internet for known malicious content before allowing them to run. While promoted as a security feature to protect users from malware, Gatekeeper has also been criticized for restricting user freedom and reinforcing Apple's control over software distribution.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gatekeeper and runtime protection in macOS |url=https://support.apple.com/guide/security/sec5599b66df/web |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.is/G8sdt |archive-date=2026-02-06 |access-date=8 May 2025 |website=Apple Support}}</ref>
'''[[wikipedia:Gatekeeper_(macOS)|Gatekeeper]]''' is a security technology built into Apple's macOS operating system designed to ensure that only trusted software runs on a user's Mac computer. First introduced in Mac OS X Mountain Lion (10.8) in 2012, Gatekeeper checks applications downloaded from the internet for known malicious content before allowing them to run. While promoted as a security feature to protect users from malware, Gatekeeper has also been criticized for restricting user freedom and reinforcing Apple's control over software distribution.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gatekeeper and runtime protection in macOS |url=https://support.apple.com/guide/security/sec5599b66df/web |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/WNNZd |archive-date=2026-02-23 |access-date=8 May 2025 |website=Apple Support}}</ref>


==Consumer impact summary==
==Consumer impact summary==
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===Hidden "Anywhere" option (2016)===
===Hidden "Anywhere" option (2016)===
In macOS Sierra (10.12), Apple removed the "Allow applications downloaded from: Anywhere" option from the Security & Privacy settings, making it harder for users to disable Gatekeeper restrictions. While technically still possible to disable through Terminal commands, this change represents a deliberate effort to obscure user choice and make it more difficult for average users to exercise control over their own computers. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degtiarenko |first=Igor |date=2025-01-10 |title=Want to allow app downloads from anywhere? Here's how |url=https://macpaw.com/how-to/allow-apps-anywhere |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251130090053/https://macpaw.com/how-to/allow-apps-anywhere |archive-date=30 Nov 2025|access-date=2026-02-06 |website=MacPaw}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=How to Allow Opening Apps from Anywhere in MacOS Sequoia, Sonoma |url=https://osxdaily.com/2025/04/22/how-allow-open-apps-anywhere-macos-sequoia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.is/pa5gU |archive-date=2026-02-06 |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=OSXDaily}}</ref><!-- John in OSXDaily also provides an (unsourced) per-app override command, visible in that archive -->
In macOS Sierra (10.12), Apple removed the "Allow applications downloaded from: Anywhere" option from the Security & Privacy settings, making it harder for users to disable Gatekeeper restrictions. While technically still possible to disable through Terminal commands, this change represents a deliberate effort to obscure user choice and make it more difficult for average users to exercise control over their own computers. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degtiarenko |first=Igor |date=2025-01-10 |title=Want to allow app downloads from anywhere? Here's how |url=https://macpaw.com/how-to/allow-apps-anywhere |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251130090053/https://macpaw.com/how-to/allow-apps-anywhere |archive-date=30 Nov 2025|access-date=2026-02-06 |website=MacPaw}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=How to Allow Opening Apps from Anywhere in MacOS Sequoia, Sonoma |url=https://osxdaily.com/2025/04/22/how-allow-open-apps-anywhere-macos-sequoia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260222211457/https://osxdaily.com/2025/04/22/how-allow-open-apps-anywhere-macos-sequoia/ |archive-date=22 Feb 2026|access-date=2026-02-06 |website=OSXDaily}}</ref><!-- John in OSXDaily also provides an (unsourced) per-app override command, visible in that archive -->


===Mandatory notarization requirement (2019)===
===Mandatory notarization requirement (2019)===