Planned obsolescence: Difference between revisions

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~~[[wikipedia:Planned_obsolescence|~~'''Planned obsolescence''']] is a business strategy where products are intentionally designed to become obsolete, undesirable, or to stop functioning within a predetermined time-frame, forcing consumers to replace them. This practice maximizes profits for corporations, but leads to unnecessary waste and consumer frustration.

'''{{Wplink|Planned obsolescence}}''' is a business strategy where products are intentionally designed to become obsolete, undesirable, or to stop functioning within a predetermined time-frame, forcing consumers to replace them. This practice maximizes profits for corporations, but leads to unnecessary waste and consumer frustration.

The phrase "planned obsolescence" was coined in 1932 by Bernard London, who proposed mandatory product expiration to stimulate Depression-era economies. Brooks Stevens later popularized it in the 1950s, defining it as instilling a desire for newer products "sooner than necessary".

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Vance Packard's 1960, ''{{Wplink|The Waste Makers}}'', critiqued corporations for manipulating desires through style changes and a perception of being out of date. Modern {{Wplink|fast fashion}} and tech industries continue this trend, fostering "throwaway" cultures.

==Types of ~~Planned Obsolescence~~==

==Types of planned obsolescence==

*Contrived or Artificial Durability: Designing products with inferior materials that wear out quickly or using non-removable/repairable components.

*Systemic Obsolescence: Technological incompatibility, such as software updates rendering older devices unusable.

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-[[wikipedia:Planned_obsolescence|'''Planned obsolescence''']] is a business strategy where products are intentionally designed to become obsolete, undesirable, or to stop functioning within a predetermined time-frame, forcing consumers to replace them. This practice maximizes profits for corporations, but leads to unnecessary waste and consumer frustration.
+'''{{Wplink|Planned obsolescence}}''' is a business strategy where products are intentionally designed to become obsolete, undesirable, or to stop functioning within a predetermined time-frame, forcing consumers to replace them. This practice maximizes profits for corporations, but leads to unnecessary waste and consumer frustration.
 The phrase "planned obsolescence" was coined in 1932 by Bernard London, who proposed mandatory product expiration to stimulate Depression-era economies. Brooks Stevens later popularized it in the 1950s, defining it as instilling a desire for newer products "sooner than necessary".
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Vance Packard's 1960, ''{{Wplink|The Waste Makers}}'', critiqued corporations for manipulating desires through style changes and a perception of being out of date. Modern {{Wplink|fast fashion}} and tech industries continue this trend, fostering "throwaway" cultures.
-==Types of Planned Obsolescence==
+==Types of planned obsolescence==
 *Contrived or Artificial Durability: Designing products with inferior materials that wear out quickly or using non-removable/repairable components.
 *Systemic Obsolescence: Technological incompatibility, such as software updates rendering older devices unusable.