JavaScript
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JavaScript
| Basic Information | |
|---|---|
| Release Year | 1995 |
| Product Type | Software |
| In Production | Yes |
| Official Website | https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/ |
JavaScript (JS) is a programming language and core technology of the Web, alongside HTML and CSS. It was created by Brendan Eich in 1995.[1] As of 2025, the overwhelming majority of websites (98.9%) uses JS for client-side webpage behavior.[2] It's even used on the server-side (see Node.js).
Consumer-impact summary
- Forced requirement: Many webpages (and even entire websites), force the user to keep JS enabled. In 2026, considering the advancements in HTML and CSS technology, there is no technical reason why any website (other than real-time simulations and low-latency gaming) would ever need JS. The only valid justification are legacy code-bases, since those are impractical to migrate to no-JS solutions. That is, newer web-sites have no reason to use JS, let alone mandate it.
- Excessive tracking: JS is much more capable than HTML and CSS combined to track user behavior, because of its first-class access to user-agent (UA) APIs. JS can communicate with almost any server (only limited by CORS) at any time (limited by connection availability), using a plethora of protocols. JS can get hardware information and compute a fingerprint of the device, user, or both.
- Targeted ads: JS makes it harder for ad-blockers to block ads, since it can be used to make overly-dynamic ads. The data collected by malicious JS makes it trivial to serve personalized ads, even across unrelated sites.
- Market control: JS (alongside Wasm) are built into almost every web-browser and UA, including "light-weight" ones (such as w3m). Incentivizing companies to use it for everything, since "there's no need to worry about compatibility or portability". Some people say that JS shouldn't even be a Web Standard,[3] implying that it should be an extension or plug-in (such as Java Applets and Adobe Flash) the user willingly installs; this would reduce the incentive to use JS, as there's no guarantee the user has it.
Incidents
This is a list of all consumer-protection incidents related to this product. Any incidents not mentioned here can be found in the JavaScript category.
Example incident one (date)
Short summary of the incident (could be the same as the summary preceding the article).
External links
- LibRedirect explaining why it exists, and how Google Chrome's MV3 limits it
- https://daringfireball.net/linked/2017/06/27/web-without-javascript
- https://daringfireball.net/linked/2025/01/18/google-search-javascript
- https://blog.jim-nielsen.com/2025/javascript-required/
- https://techcrunch.com/2025/01/17/google-begins-requiring-javascript-for-google-search/
- https://serpapi.com/blog/google-now-requires-javascript/
- Google being anti-competitive towards Firefox: https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBlock-issues/discussions/3240
- Meta refusing to serve content to
noscriptusers, and deliberately nagging them to install the app or login: https://github.com/Rudxain/uBO-rules/pull/9 - Websites that nag users to enable JS, even when it provides negligible value
- Discord being extremely bloated to the point of crashing when opening Developer-tools: https://github.com/Rudxain/uBO-rules/blob/42220bd4f80052ee15136dff7269df19529c43ec/rx.ubo#L3-L19
- "Enough with the JavaScript already!"
- "Maybe we could tone down the JavaScript"
- "You don't need JavaScript for that"
- "You really don't need all that JavaScript, I promise"
- "Progressive Enhancement Still Important"
- https://www.w3.org/wiki/The_principles_of_unobtrusive_JavaScript
- "Everyone has JS, right?"
- "Shipping a button in 2026…", by Kai Lentit. This illustrates the burnout and fatigue software developers can experience on a daily basis
- HTMX developer advocating for less JS
- "Web Obesity Crisis"
- "How web bloat impacts users with slow connections"
- JS bloat (2024)
- How JS makes web apps more unstable
- GNU/FSF explaining why JS takes freedom away
- GNU/FSF explaining why "web apps" shouldn't exist. WARNING: contains overzealous claims! (according to Rudxain). Related: Local-first
- Interactive page (game?) showing how websites can track almost anything the user does
- "Browserize" fingerprinting showcase
- "CreepJS" fingerprint showcase
- More sources (TO-DO)